Pavlopetri is one of the oldest submerged cities in the world, established during the Final Neolithic Period (as early as 3500 BC), with its occupation being extended to the post-palatial period (1400-1100 BC) of Minoan chronology, while there is evidence of human presence from the Classical and Hellenistic periods up to the Roman/Byzantine Period. The synthesis of the available archaeological information, morphological, radiocar-bon dating and sea level data, makes evident that the Pavlopetri surrounding marine area was about 4 m below present sea level (bpsl) when Pavlopetri was flourishing (2800 - 1180 BC), 1.5-2.0 m bpsl during the Hellenistic period, circa 1.2 m in the Byzantine era and as much as 0.5 m during the Latin period. As the settlement is expected to have been constructed in elevations not less than 2 m above sea level (asl), most of it was partially submerged or flooded during the Hellenistic times, being also subjected to the eroding marine forces and processes. Based on nearshore hydrodynamics, a submerged breakwater built in water depths > 5 m could drastically reduce their impact, while monitoring of the environmental conditions (sea temperature, salinity, biology) can also provide data for the preservation of the monument’s building material.