This dataset gathers the results of 37 field experiments, which involved cereal-legume intercrops and their corresponding sole crops. The field experiments were carried in 5 European countries (France, Denmark, Italy, Germany and England) from 2001 to 2017. The dataset includes 5 legume species (chickpea, faba bean, lentil, lupin and pea), 3 cereal species (barley, durum wheat and soft wheat) and 8 resulting intercrops. In total, the dataset contains 299 sole crop and 308 intercrop experimental units, one given experimental unit being defined as the unique combination of {site, year, crop management}, with the crop management including species and cultivar choice as well as agricultural interventions (sowing conditions, inputs). The global dataset includes four tables, all sharing a common identifier (experiment_id): data_trials.csv: the global features describing the experimental sites, data_management.csv: the agricultural management actions carried out on each of the experimental sites, data_traits.csv: measured plant and crop characteristics, data_climate.csv: climate for the experimental sites, retrieved from NASA POWER API. Additionally, a metadata file is provided (metadata.xlsx), describing the table to which the variables belong (variable_type, i.e. trials, management, traits or climate), their name (variable_name), their significance (description) and their unit (unit). Finally, a table including the original references related to experimental files gathered (references.xlsx) is also provided. The overall description of the dataset in reported in the data_report.pdf file. Data providers and field experiments: Laurent Bedoussac, Eric Justes, Etienne-Pascal Jour- net, Christophe Naudin, Henrik Hauggaard-Nielsen, Erik Steen Jensen, Elise Pelzer, Guénaëlle Corre-Hellou, Bochra Kammoun, Loic Viguier, Romain Barillot, Antoine Couëdel, Philippe Hinsinger Database and management: Noémie Gaudio, Rémi Mahmoud, Pierre Casadebaig