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DIGITAL.CSIC
Article . 2022 . Peer-reviewed
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Activity patterns of Cybotus estriatus (LeConte, 1878) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) on a Caribbean beach

Authors: Julia Morales-García; Jaime García-Gila; Mario García-París; Natalia Rosas-Ramos;

Activity patterns of Cybotus estriatus (LeConte, 1878) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) on a Caribbean beach

Abstract

[FR] Les écosystèmes des plages de sable sont des environnements extrêmes où les Coléoptères Tenebrionidae ont souvent été signalés comme une composante dominante de la faune. L’abondance et la richesse des ténébrionidés dans les zones arides sont facilitées par des traits physiologiques, morphologiques et comportementaux spécifiques, tels qu’une activité limitée ou l’utilisation de microhabitats appropriés. Les rythmes d’activité des coléoptères ténébrionidés ont été étudiés principalement chez les espèces de grande taille, mais la réponse des petites espèces reste fondamentalement inconnue. Compte tenu de ceci, nous avons développé une étude sur une plage caribéenne du Costa Rica dans le but d’identifier les rythmes d’activité circadienne de Cybotus estriatus (LeConte, 1878), un ténébrionidé de 2–3 mm de longueur relativement fréquent sur les plages circum-caribéennes. De plus, nous avons évalué l’influence du couvert végétal sur l’abondance de cette petite espèce de ténébrionidés. Les observations ont été effectuées entre 7 h 00 et 18 h 30, avec une plage de températures allant de 28°C à 47°C. Nos résultats ont montré que, bien que C. estriatus présente un rythme d’activité bimodal similaire à ceux observés pour les autres ténébrionidés, il reste actif dans une plage de température de 35°C à 44°C, mais montre une activité plus élevée vers 10 h 00 et 15 h 30, à des températures comprises entre 38°C et 42°C. De plus, nous avons trouvé une forte dépendance de C. estriatus vis-à-vis de la végétation des plages, fournissant les premières données de l’effet de la couverture végétale chez les petits coléoptères tropicaux habitant les plages de sable. Nos résultats suggèrent que la taille corporelle peut ne pas être le facteur critique déterminant la température d’activité chez les ténébrionidés et que préserver la végétation naturelle sur les plages de sable est essentiel pour maintenir la biodiversité de ces écosystèmes.

[EN] Sandy beach ecosystems are extreme environments in which darkling beetles (Tenebrionidae) have been usually reported as a dominant component of the fauna. The abundance and richness of tenebrionids in arid zones is facilitated by specific physiological, morphological, and behavioural traits, such as limited activity patterns or the use of suitable microhabitats. Activity patterns of tenebrionid beetles have been investigated mainly in large-size species, but the response of small species remains basically unknown. Considering this, we developed a study in a Caribbean beach in Costa Rica with the aim of identifying daily activity patterns of Cybotus estriatus (LeConte, 1878), a darkling beetle of 2–3 mm in length relatively frequent in the circum-Caribbean beaches. In addition, we assessed how vegetation cover influences the abundance of this small tenebrionid species. Observations were performed between 7:00 h to 18:30 h, within a range of temperatures from 28°C to 47°C. Cybotus estriatus exhibits a bimodal activity pattern similar to those observed for other tenebrionids. It remains active at a temperature range of 35°C to 44°C, but shows a higher activity around 10:00 h and 15:30 h, at temperatures between 38°C and 42°C. We also found a strong dependence of C. estriatus on beach vegetation, providing the first data on the effect of vegetation cover in small tropical beetles inhabiting sand beaches. Our results suggest that body size may not be the critical factor determining activity in tenebrionids, and that preserving the natural vegetation in sandy beaches is essential to maintain the biodiversity of these ecosystems.

Facilities for the study were provided by the Spanish Government project grant PID2019-110243GB-100 / AEI/10.13039/501100011033 (Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades, Spain).

Peer reviewed

Country
Spain
Keywords

Sandy beaches, Temperatures, Daily activity, Arid ecosystems, Tenebrionids

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selected citations
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This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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