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Frontiers in Psychology
Article . 2022 . Peer-reviewed
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Frontiers in Psychology
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The contribution of shape features and demographic variables to disembedding abilities

Authors: Elisa Morgana Cappello; Giada Lettieri; Andrea P. Malizia; Sonia d'Arcangelo; Giacomo Handjaras; Nicola Lattanzi; Emiliano Ricciardi; +1 Authors

The contribution of shape features and demographic variables to disembedding abilities

Abstract

Humans typically perceive visual patterns in a global manner, and are remarkably capable of extracting object shapes based on properties such as proximity, closure, symmetry, and good continuation. Notwithstanding people’s attitude toward perceptual grouping, the research highlighted differences in disembedding performance across individuals, summarized by the field dependence/independence dimension. Previous studies revealed that age and educational attainment explain part of this variability, whereas the role of sex is still highly debated. Also, which stimulus features primarily influence inter-individual variations in perceptual grouping has to be fully determined.Building upon these premises, we assessed the role of age, level of education and sex on performance at the Leuven-Embedded Figure Test - a proxy of disembedding abilities - in a sample of 391 cisgender individuals. We also investigated whether stimulus symmetry, closure, complexity, and continuation relate to task accuracy as a function of personal characteristics.Overall, target asymmetry and continuation with the embedding context increase task difficulty, whereas target complexity demonstrates a U-shaped relationship with disembedding performance. Further, results unveil sex differences that have not been reported so far in adults and support the association between age, educational attainment, and disembedding abilities. Male individuals also benefit more from target symmetry and closure and are better at recognizing shapes when the embedding context is challenging. Lastly, highly educated adults better recognize asymmetrical and open targets, as well as shapes embedded in complex contexts. Taken together, our findings show how shape features relate to individual characteristics in explaining field independence.

Keywords

education, embedded figures, shape features, visual perceptual abilities, gender, disembedding abilities, Psychology, BF1-990

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citations
The total number of citations received by all articles of the researcher of interest.
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
1
Average
Average
Average
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gold