This study introduces a dataset of crop imagery captured during the 2022 growing season in the Eastern Kazakhstan region. The images were acquired using a multispectral camera mounted on an unmanned aerial vehicle (DJI Phantom 4). The agricultural land, encompassing 27 hectares and cultivated with wheat, barley, and soybean, was subjected to five aerial multispectral photography sessions throughout the growing season. This facilitated thorough monitoring of the most important phenological stages of crop development in the experimental design, which consisted of 27 plots, each covering one hectare. The collected imagery underwent enhancement and expansion, integrating a sixth band that embodies the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) values, in conjunction with the original five multispectral bands (Red, Green, Blue, Infrared, and Near Infrared). This amplification enables a more effective evaluation of vegetation health and growth, rendering the enriched dataset a valuable resource for the progression and validation of crop monitoring and yield prediction models, as well as for the exploration of precision agriculture methodologies.

This research was funded by the Science Committee of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Republic of Kazakhstan, grant number AP09259379.