The dataset contains data from six arable crop field experiments, that provided high-quality data on N2O emission for simulation woth agroecosystem models. The experimental sites were located in Ottawa, Canada, Grignon, France, New Delhi, India, Kingaroy, Australia, Santa Maria, Brazil, and Estrées-Mons, France. The dataset contains two growing seasons of ACBrio cultivar (spring wheat) in Ottawa, two growing seasons of Premio cultivar (winter wheat) in Grignon, three growing seasons of PBW343 cultivar (spring wheat) in New Delhi, one growing season of Hartog cultivar (winter wheat) in Kingaroy, one growing season of Quartzo cultivar (winter wheat) in Santa Maria, and four growing seasons two spring barley cultivar (Sebastian and RGT Planet) and two winter wheat cultivar (Cellule and Absalon)) in Estrées-Mons. The data set contains detailed information on crop management, weather conditions, soil properties, daily N2O emission, and measurements over the growing season of soil , and water content. It also contains in-season measurements of leaf area index, total above ground biomass and nitrogen and final grain yield and nitrogen. For Ottawa, Grignon, New Delhi, Kingaroy and Santa Maria, the data set contains one treatment per year. For Estrées-Mons, data were available for five treatments in 2013 and 2014 and 6 treatments in 2017 and 2019. Each of these treatments is characterized by a combination of nitrogen fertilization, crop residue management, tillage depth, and cover crop. Simulations include both daily in-season and end-of-season results from 3 wheat crop models: MONICA, SiriusQuality and STICS.