The individual biomedical model represents the original imprinting on which the Italian legislation on inclusion and the professional figure of the special education teacher was born. This model, however, is only one of the possible disability models, in fact, the social model and the capability model express a broader and non-privatistic and clinical vision of disability, adopting the environmental component as a fundamental factor for an overturning of conception, which leads from the definition of disability to that of disabling by society. From the new vision of disability, based on the concepts of capability and functionings, therefore, derives the dimension of self-determination as the only state of law to one’s identity that allows everyone to develop the discovery and recognition of the ability to desire, to choose and practice the life closest to one’s own essence.