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Monitoring of quantitative and qualitative properties of weed species seeds in the arable soil layer is one of the most efficient methods for prediction of weed occurrence in the field. It provides better herbicide choice, as well as their timely application. In 2011 and 2012 in two localities with similarly applied agricultural practice in maize crop, weed seed bank was studied in the arable soil layer up to 30 cm of depth. In the first locality, seeds of 12 weed species were separated. Of these species, the most numerous were seeds of Polygonum lapathifolium and Sinapis arvenis at all studied depths, and the greatest quantity was found at the depth of 20-30 cm. The greatest number of all remaining evidenced weed species was also found at this depth. In the other locality seeds of even 15 weed species was separated, but only seeds of Amaranthus retroflexus occurred in greater quantity at all studied layers. In average, for all species, the greatest number of seeds was found in the deepest layer, but statistically significant differences were not recorded in number of seeds per soil depth. After determination of the separated weed seeds followed their germination in climatic chamber. The highest germination percentage of 70-80% was recorded for weed species Sinapis arvensis at locality ��abalj. At locality Zmajevo, the highest germinatin was established for weed species Amaranthus retroflexus and Chenopodium album.