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Efecto de diferentes reguladores de crecimiento sobre la embriogénesis somática en tres cultivares de cacao

Authors: Andy A. Díaz-López; Efraín Gerardo Salazar-Yamarte; José Gerardo Albarrán-Rincón; Carlos Marin; Ariadne Lucrecia Vegas-García;

Efecto de diferentes reguladores de crecimiento sobre la embriogénesis somática en tres cultivares de cacao

Abstract

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Resumen Los métodos de propagación tradicionales en el cultivo de cacao son pocos efi cientes, por el bajo número de plantas que se producen; estas, pueden presentar características agronómicas indeseables para los productores. La embriogénesis somática puede ser la vía más apta para la regeneración de accesiones de cacao. Se evaluó el efecto del 2,4-D y su combinación con 6-BA y kinetina en la embriogénesis somática de cacao. Se usaron cincoconcentraciones de 2,4-D (0; 0,5; 1; 1,5 y 2 mg.L-1) combinadas con 0,05 mg.L-1 de 6-BA y 0,3 mg.L-1 de kinetina sobre el índice de formación de callos (IC) y la formación de embriones somáticos en tres cultivares de cacao (SCA-6, OC-60 y CNM-4), con dos tipos de explantes (estaminodios y pétalos). A los 14 y 28 días de subcultivo se evidenció una respuesta diferencial entre cultivares y tipo de explante en el IC. El mayor IC14 y de IC28 ocurrió en estaminodios y pétalos cultivados en 0,5 mg.L-1 de 2,4-D y 6-BA, con valores respectivos de 11,6 y 29. La mayor frecuencia embriogénica (40 %) y número de embriones somáticos se obtuvo en estaminodios de SCA-6 con 1,5 mg.L-1 de 2,4-D, a diferencia de los embriones obtenidos en los pétalos cultivados en 2 mg.L-1 de 2,4-D y 6-BA. El análisis de componentes principales mostró alta correlación entre la concentración de reguladores de crecimiento, tipo de explante y las variables relacionadas con la embriogénesis; así como, una baja correlación de estas con los IC14 y IC28. Abstract Traditional propagation methods in cocoa cultivation are not very efficient, due to the low number of plants that are produced; these may present undesirable agronomic characteristics for producers. Somatic embryogenesis may be the most suitable route for the regeneration of cocoa accessions. The eff ect of 2,4-D and its combination with 6-BA and kinetin on somatic embryogenesis of cocoa was evaluated. Five concentrations of 2,4-D (0; 0,5; 1; 1,5 and 2 mg.L-1) were used combined with 0,05 mg.L-1 of 6-BA and 0,3 mg. L-1 of kinetin on the callus formation index (IC) and the formation of somatic embryos in three cocoa cultivars (SCA-6, OC-60 and CNM-4), with two types of explants (staminodes and petals). At 14 and 28 days of subculture, a diff erential response was evident between cultivars and type of explant in the IC. The highest IC14 and IC28 occurred in staminodes and petals grown in 0,5 mg.L-1 of 2,4-D and 6-BA, with respective values of 11,6 and 29. The highest embryogenic frequency (40 %) and the highest number of somatic embryos was obtained in staminodes of SCA-6 with 1,5 mg.L-1 of 2,4-D, unlike the embryos obtained in the petals grown in 2 mg.L-1 of 2,4-D and 6-BA. The principal component analysis showed a high correlation between the concentration of growth regulators, type of explant and the variables related to embryogenesis; as well as a low correlation of these with IC14 and IC28.

Keywords

Culture media, Petals, Micropropagation, medio de cultivo, Micropropagación, Theobroma cacao L., Pétalos

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popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
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influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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impulse
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