Aphis craccivora Koch. is one of the most destructive pests of groundnut, which causes yield losses and transmits rosette virus and catjang disease. The study aimed to observe the seasonal abundance of Aphis craccivora Koch. together with the degree of infestation on 30 groundnut cultivars. The correlations between the age of the plant, plant height, pod yield and aphid infestation were also examined. Experiments were carried out at the Genetics and Plant Breeding Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh. Seeds of cultivars were collected from the International Centre for Agricultural Research in the Dry Area (ICRISAT), Hyderabad, India and Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute. The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design with three replications per treatment. Duncan's Multiple Range tests (DMRT) were used to measure specific differences between pairs of means. The results indicated that the abundance of aphids gradually increased from 45 days after planting and reached the peak within 73 days, and then the aphid population gradually declined. Among the cultivars tested, the cultivar DG-2 was found highly susceptible to aphid and ICGV 86635 was less susceptible. The results of the present investigation would be of immense importance in controlling groundnut aphid infestation by using less susceptible groundnut cultivars and adjusting the time of planting.