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[German title] Vitis vinifera subsp. sylvestris in den österreichischen Donauauen – Kommentierung des historischen Manuskripts von Siegfried Reissek [German abstract] Noch vor der Donauregulierung untersuchte der Botaniker Siegfried Reissek um die Mitte des 19. Jahrhunderts Flora und Vegetation der Donauauen in Wien und im angrenzenden Niederösterreich. Er hinterließ dazu ein handschriftliches, bisher weitgehend unveröffentlichtes Manuskript, das im Archiv des Naturhistorischen Museums Wien aufbewahrt wird. Das Manuskript ist die einzige umfangreiche botanische Originalquelle aus der Zeit vor der Donauregulierung und liefert wichtige Hinweise zur damaligen Situation der Wilden Weinrebe. War zu Reisseks Zeiten Vitis vinifera subsp. sylvestris in den österreichischen Donauauen noch eine allgemein verbreitete und häufige Art, deren Fortbestand von Reissek als gesichert angesehen wurde, so ist sie heute an vielen Standorten verschwunden, aber immerhin noch mit einigen hundert Individuen im Gebiet des heutigen Nationalparks Donau-Auen vertreten. In einem Review der vorliegenden Literatur und anhand eigener Geländebeobachtungen werden die historischen und rezenten geobotanischen Verhältnisse einander gegenübergestellt und morphologische sowie genetische Aspekte behandelt.
Around the mid-19th century and before the regulation of the Danube, the botanist Siegfried Reissek studied its alluvial flora in Vienna and adjacent Lower Austria. He left a hand-written and so far largely unpublished manuscript on this topic in the archives of the Museum of Natural History in Vienna. This manuscript is the only extensive source of botanical information from the period before the regulation of the Danube. In Reissek’s days, Vitis vinifera subsp. sylvestris was a common and widespread species in the alluvial forests of the Danube floodplain, and Reissek considered this species not to be under threat. However, since then, the species has disappeared from many locations, and only a few hundred individuals remain in the area of the National Park “Donau-Auen”. Based on literature data and the authors’ field observations, the historical and recent habitat conditions are compared, and morphological and genetic aspects are addressed.
river regulation, Vitaceae, Lower Austria, Vitis vinifera subsp. sylvestris, Siegfried Reissek, Vienna, ecological changes, Danube
river regulation, Vitaceae, Lower Austria, Vitis vinifera subsp. sylvestris, Siegfried Reissek, Vienna, ecological changes, Danube
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