Joining questions from regional actors and farmers about diversity to increase crop resilience (stability over time and space), yields and quality, on farm research has been experienced to study several levels of diversity in diversified real conditions [Ceccarelli, 2012, Chable et al., 2014]; intra varietal and inter specific diversities have been combined and studied in a long term experiment through which was initiated during a regional project, SAFARI (four years from 2014 to 2017). The co-evolution process has been investigated thanks to the sowing of seed harvested year after year. The objectives were (1) to learn about on farm plant breeding for crop associations and (2) to measure the respective abilities of modern pure lines and ancient populations?