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Systèmes de production basés sur des races locales de porcs et demande sociétale pour la fourniture de biens publics : le cas de la filière Noir de Bigorre

Authors: Brossard, Ludovic; Garcia-Launay, Florence; Lebret, Bénédicte; Faure, Justine; Varela, Elsa; Gil, José Maria;

Systèmes de production basés sur des races locales de porcs et demande sociétale pour la fourniture de biens publics : le cas de la filière Noir de Bigorre

Abstract

Les races locales de porcs sont fréquemment élevées dans des systèmes de production extensifs adaptés à l'environnement local et aux ressources disponibles. Ces systèmes sont généralement moins efficaces que les systèmes conventionnels mais produisent des biens publics et services pour la société (biodiversité, qualité de l'air, attractivité du paysage). La fourniture de biens publics peut ne pas être garantie par manque de reconnaissance de leur valeur économique, ou de politiques pouvant fragiliser l'avenir de ces systèmes. Des méthodes d'évaluation économique permettent de mesurer les avantages non marchands fournis par ces systèmes, par une estimation de la demande sociale envers leurs principales caractéristiques. Dans le projet européen TREASURE, une enquête d'expérimentation de choix a été réalisée pour évaluer la demande sociétale pour des caractéristiques spécifiques de la filière régionale française Noir de Bigorre (NdB), basée sur l'élevage en système extensif de porcs de race Gascon. Un questionnaire d'évaluation a été distribué, permettant l'obtention des réponses de 418 personnes, pour moitié localisées dans la région de production de la filière NdB. Les résultats montrent que 40% des répondants ne connaissent ou ne consomment pas les produits issus de cette filière. En moyenne, le consentement à payer le plus élevé est attribué pour garantir la pérennité de la race (112,37 €/foyer/an). Les répondants consentiraient à payer 42,35 € pour maintenir un nombre équivalent d'élevages de taille petite ou moyenne, et 21,86 € pour que les aliments des animaux soient produits à proximité des élevages. La disponibilité géographique et le type de points de vente des produits contribuent de façon moindre à construire leurs préférences. Ces résultats montrent qu'une demande sociale existe pour soutenir la pérennité de la race et un système de production extensif en lien avec des ressources locales.

Local breed systems and social demand for the supply of public goods: the case of the Noir de Bigorre production chain Local pig breeds are frequently raised in extensive farming systems adapted to the local environment and the resources it produces. These farming systems tend to be less efficient than their intensive counterparts, but in exchange produce goods and services for society (biodiversity, clean air, landscape attractiveness, etc.). The supply of these public goods may not be guaranteed due to a lack of recognition of their market values, and policies that ultimately can put the future of these systems at risk. Economic valuation methods can measure the non-market benefits provided by these systems as an estimate of the social demand for their key features. Within the European Union TREASURE project, a choice experiment (CE) survey was applied to assess the social demand for relevant attributes of the Noir de Bigorre (NB) French regional pork chain, based on the local Gascon pig breed in an extensive system with the character of a public good. A valuation questionnaire was administered to 418 individuals, half of them located in the production area of NB chain. Results show that almost 40% of the respondents did not know or consume products from the NB chain. On average, guaranteeing the survival of the breed achieved the highest willingness to pay (112.37 €/household/year). Respondents are willing to pay 42.35 € to maintain an equal number of small and medium farms and 21.86 € to have feedstuff produced near the farms. Geographical availability and selling places of products contribute to a lesser extent to shape their preferences. Results show that social demand does exist to support survival of the breed and its extensive production system linked to local resources.

Country
France
Keywords

race porcine locale, porc gascon, Expérimentation de choix, enquête, bien public, [SDV.SA.SPA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Animal production studies, demande sociétale, système d'élevage extensif, évaluation économique

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selected citations
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This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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