The improving of the soil fertility requires the determining of appropriate fertilizer variants, easily assimilated and quickly acting, for obtaining of qualitative and high-yield agricultural produce. The purpose of the present development is to be researched the impact of mineral fertilizer products of ?Agropolychim? AD on the soil microbiocenosis in the rhizosphere of wheat and on the catalytic and cellulase activity of the fertilized soils. It is determined, that the biogenity of the soils is increased at fertilizing in comparison with the control (unfertilized) samples. The used fertilizers increase the cellulase activity with all variants, while the catalytic activity is higher with the combined fertilizing with urea and ammonium nitrate, as well as with the control samples. The studied microbiological and enzyme indicators can serve as sensitive biological and biochemical indicators with fertilized soils.