The Turone Equine Social Brain Dataset (TESBD) is a part of the EQUISOBRAIN project, funded by the European HORIZON 2020 Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions (MSCA) (project number: 101033271, MSCA European Individual Fellowship) awarded to Mathilde Valenchon (host supervisor Matthieu Keller), and by the 'Institut Français du Cheval et de l'Equitation' (IFCE). For a full description of the project please consult the main publication [Valenchon M et al 2025]. This dataset is composed by : 1/ a collection of MRI brain anatomical, functional and diffusion raw data available in nifti format and organized as BIDS format acquired from 23 Welsh foals (12 females and 11 males, 7-months old months) on the day of the scanning on a 3Tesla magnet (SIEMENS) at PIXANIM Plateform (https://www6.val-de-loire.inrae.fr/pixanim_eng/) between January and February 2022.This dataset has been used to create the The Turone Equine Brain Templates and Atlases (https://zenodo.org/records/10731031). MRI data have been analysed using the methods available on David A. Barrière Github Page (https://github.com/DavidBarriere/Equisobrain). 2/ Statistical analysis leaded by Gaëlle Lefort. The documents present all the analyses carried out in the main publication [Valenchon et al. 2025]. Behavioural, MRI, weighting and physiological data collected on foals in 2021 between 1 to 7 months will be found within the data folder. Statistical analysis details will be found in Equisobrain_2014.html and Equisobrain_2014.qmd files.