Lycalopex culpaeus (Molina 1782) [Lycalopex] culpaeus (Molina 1782), Sagg. Stor. Nat. Chile: 293. Type Locality: " Chili " restricted by Cabrera (1931) to "the Santiago Province.". Vernacular Names: Culpeo. Subspecies:: Subspecies Lycalopex culpaeus subsp. culpaeus Molina 1782 Subspecies Lycalopex culpaeus subsp. andinus Thomas 1914 Subspecies Lycalopex culpaeus subsp. lycoides Philippi 1896 Subspecies Lycalopex culpaeus subsp. magellanicus Gray 1837 Subspecies Lycalopex culpaeus subsp. reissii Hilzheimer 1906 Subspecies Lycalopex culpaeus subsp. smithersi Thomas 1914 Distribution: Argentina (Tierra del Fuego), Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru. Conservation: CITES – Appendix II as Pseudalopex culpaeus; IUCN – Lower Risk (lc) as P. culpaeus. Discussion: Revised by Zunino et al. (1995). Placed in Pseudalopex by Berta (1987, 1988); and in Dusicyon by Cabrera (1957). Considered in Canis (Pseudalopex) by Langguth (1975), Clutton-Brock et al. (1976), and Van Gelder (1978). Includes culpaeolus (part) and inca (part) mismatched skin and skull (Langguth, 1967). Reviewed by Novaro (1997). Synonyms allocated according to Cabrera (1957), Zunino et al. (1995), and Novaro (1997).

Published as part of Wilson, Don E. & Reeder, DeeAnn, 2005, Order Carnivora, pp. 532-628 in Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1, Baltimore :The Johns Hopkins University Press on page 579, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519