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{"references": ["S. Bolaric, S. Bart, A. E. Melchinger, and U. K. Posselt, \"Molecular\nGenetic Diversity Within and Among German Ecotypes in Comparison\nto European Perennial Ryegrass Cultivars,\" Plant Breeding vol. 124, pp.\n257-267, 2005.", "M. M. Hoover, M. A. Hein, W. A. Dayton, and C. O. Erlanson, \"Grass,\nThe Yearbook of Agriculture 1948,\". United States Department of\nAgriculture. The Superintendent of Document, Washington, 25, D.D.,\nUSA. 1948, pp. 675-677.", "L. Watson, and M. J. Dallwitz, \"The Grass Genera of The World,\" CAB\nInternational, Wallingford Oxon OX10 8DE. 1994.", "R.R. Mill, \"Lolium L., In: Davis, P.H. (ed.) 1985. Flora of Turkey and\nthe East Aegean Island,\" Vol 9, Edinburg: Edinburg University Press,\nUK. s. 445-451 1985.", "P. Conaghan, and M. D. Casler, \"A theoretical and practical analysis of\nthe optimum breeding system for perennial ryegrass,\" Irish Journal of\nAgricultural and Food Research vol. 50 pp. 47\u201363, 2011.", "Anonymous, \"Guidelines For The Conduct of Test For Distinctness,\nHomogeneity any Stability, Ryegrass (Lolium spp.),\" \u0130nternational\nUnion For The Protection Of New Varieties Of Plants (UPOV),\nhttp://www.upov.org/en/publications/tg-rom/tg004/tg_4_7.pdf.\n(20.09.2005) 1990.", "Anonymous, \"Farkl\u0131l\u0131k Yeknesakl\u0131k ve Durulmu\u015fluk Testleri i\u00e7in Bitki\n\u00d6zellik Belgesi, \u00c7im (Ryegrass),\" Tar\u0131m ve K\u00f6y \u0130\u015fleri Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131,\nTohumluk Tescil ve Sertifikasyon Merkezi M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, Ankara, 1998.\n(in Turkish)", "Anonymous, \"National Plant Germplasm System, National Turfgrass\nEvaluation Program (NTEP),\" United States Department of Agriculture\n(USDA), Agricultural Research Service, (USA). http://www.arsgrin.\ngov/npgs/descriptors/grass (01.12.2005) 2005.", "K. N. Morris, \"A Guide to NTEP (National Turfgrass Evaluation\nProgram) Turfgrass Ratings,\" http://www.ntep.org/reports/ratings.\nhtm#introduction (22.11.2005) 2005\n[10] A. Elgersma, \"Floret site utilization in grasses: definitions, breeding\nperspective and methodology,\" Journal of Applied Seed Production vol.\n3 pp. 50-54, 1985\n[11] A. Elgersma, \"Heritability estimates of spaced-plant traits in three\nperennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) cultivars,\" Euphytica vol. 51(2),\npp. 163-171, 1990.\n[12] D. A. Diz, D. S. Wofford, and S. C. Schank, \"Correlation and pathcoefficient\nanalyses of seed-yield components in pearl millet x\nelephantgrass hybrids,\" Theoretical and Applied Genetics vol. 89(1), pp.\n112-115, 1994.\n[13] L. Jian, S. ShengRong, and Y. AiXing, \"Path-coefficient analysis of\nseed yield and some major agronomic characteristics in turf-type Lolium\nperenne,\" Grassland of China vol. 1, pp. 31-34, 2000.\n[14] S. Pourmoradi, and H. Mirzaie Nodoushan, \"Path Analysis of\nMorphological Traits and Forage Yield on Several Populations of\nLolium Species,\" Iranian Journal of Rangelands and Forests Plant\nBreeding and Genetic Research vol. 18(36), pp. 294-304, 2011.\n[15] Z. Acar, I. Ayan, O. Tongel, H. Mut, U. Basaran, \"Morphological traits\nof perennial ryegrass accessions in Black Sea Region of Turkey,\" The\nContributions of Grasslands to Conservation of Mediterranean\nBiodiversity. Alicante-Spain, pp. 117-120, 2010.\n[16] H. Okkaoglu, \"Investigations on the seed yield and various agronomical\ncharacteristics of some forage grasses\" MSc. Thesis. In Field Crops\nDepartment, Institute of Natural and Applied Sciences, Ege University,\nIzmir, Turkey, p.106. 2006. (in Turkish)."]}
The present study involved analysis of certain characteristics of the perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) genotypes collected from the natural flora of Ankara, and explores a correlation among them. In order to evaluate the plants for breeding purpose as per Turkey's environmental conditions, the perennial ryegrass plants were collected from natural pasture of Ankara in 2004 and were utilized for the study. Seeds of the collected plants were sown in pots and seedlings were prepared in a greenhouse. In 2005, the seedlings were transplanted at 50 × 50 cm2 intervals in Randomized Complete Blocks Design in an experimental field. In 2007 and 2008, data were recorded from the observations and measurements of 568 perennial ryegrasses. The plant characteristics, which were investigated, included re-growth time in spring, color, density, growth habit, tendency to form inflorescence, time of inflorescence, plant height, length of upper internode, spike length, leaf length, leaf width, leaf area, leaf shape, number of spikelets per spike, seed yield per spike and 1000 grain weight and the correlation analyses were made using this data. Correlation coefficients were estimated between all paired combinations of the studied traits. The yield components exhibited varying trends of association among themselves. Seed yield per spike showed significant and positive association with the number of spikelets per spike, 1000 grain weight, plant height, length of upper internode, spike length, leaf length, leaf width, leaf area and color, but significant and negative association with the growth habit and re-growth time in spring.
morphological traits, Lolium perenne., Correlation
morphological traits, Lolium perenne., Correlation
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