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A Wireless Powered Feedback Protocol for Opportunistic Beamforming Using Rectenna Arrays

Authors: Psomas, Constantinos; Krikidis, Ioannis; Psomas, Constantinos; Krikidis, Ioannis;

A Wireless Powered Feedback Protocol for Opportunistic Beamforming Using Rectenna Arrays

Abstract

This paper proposes an opportunistic beamforming (OBF) protocol with limited feedback in the context of wireless powered communication networks. The terminals are randomly deployed around an access point (AP) and are equipped with multiple antennas as well as a rectenna array to harvest energy. In the OBF scheme, the AP acquires channel related feedback from the network’s terminals and allocates the orthonormal beams to the users with the best link. We consider the case, where the feedback is solely powered by energy harvested from electromagnetic radiation. Specifically, each terminal adjusts the length of its feedback based on the amount of harvested energy; when the energy is not sufficient to feed back at least one bit, the terminal is considered to be in outage. We study two fundamental rectenna architectures, the direct-current combiner and the radio-frequency combiner (coherent and non-coherent), as well as a hybrid architecture of these two. Furthermore, to alleviate the doubly near-far problem, we consider a scheme where a terminal adapts the number of rectenna elements according to its distance from the origin. By using higher order statistics and stochastic geometry, the beam outage probability is derived in closed form for all considered architectures and scenarios.

Country
Cyprus
Keywords

Signal to noise ratio, Transmitting antennas, Wireless communication, Stochastic geometry, Rectennas, Antenna arrays, Wireless power transfer, Interference, Antenna array, Opportunistic beamforming

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    influence
    This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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    This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
8
Top 10%
Average
Top 10%
hybrid