
The magnetic properties of the cobaltite {\BCAO}, a good realization of the quasi two-dimensional frustrated honeycomb-lattice system with strong planar anisotropy, have been reinvestigated by means of spherical neutron polarimetry with CRYOPAD. From accurate measurements of polarization matrices both on elastic and inelastic contributions as a function of the scattering vector {\bf{Q}}, we have been able to determine the low-temperature magnetic structure of {\BCAO} and reveal its puzzling in-plane spin dynamics. Surprisingly, the ground-state structure (described by an incommensurate propagation vector ${\bf{k}}_{1}=(k_{x}, 0, k_{z}$), with $k_{x}=0.270{\pm}0.005$ and $k_{z} \approx -1.31$) appears to be a quasi-collinear structure, and not a simple helix, as previously determined. In addition, our results have revealed the existence of a non-negligible out-of-plane moment component $ \approx 0.25��_{B}$/Co$^{2+}$, representing about 10\% of the in-plane component, as demonstrated by the presence of finite off-diagonal elements $P_{yz}$ and $P_{zy}$ of the polarization matrix, both on elastic and inelastic magnetic contributions. Despite a clear evidence of the existence of a slightly inelastic contribution of structural origin superimposed to the magnetic excitations at the scattering vectors ${\bf{Q}}=(0.27, 0, 3.1)$ and ${\bf{Q}}=(0.73, 0, 0.8)$ (energy transfer $��E \approx 2.3$ meV), no strong inelastic nuclear-magnetic interference terms could be detected so far, meaning that the nuclear and magnetic degrees of freedom have very weak cross-correlations. The strong inelastic $P_{yz}$ and $P_{zy}$ matrix elements can be understood by assuming that the magnetic excitations in {\BCAO} are spin waves associated with trivial anisotropic precessions of the magnetic moments involved in the canted incommensurate structure.
43 pages, 16 figures
H1-99, Condensed Matter - Materials Science, Science (General), Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el), Materials Science, Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci), FOS: Physical sciences, Condensed Matter Physics, 530, [PHYS.COND.CM-MS] Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci], Article, Social sciences (General), Q1-390, Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons, [PHYS.QPHY]Physics [physics]/Quantum Physics [quant-ph], [PHYS.COND.CM-MS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci], [PHYS.QPHY] Physics [physics]/Quantum Physics [quant-ph]
H1-99, Condensed Matter - Materials Science, Science (General), Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el), Materials Science, Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci), FOS: Physical sciences, Condensed Matter Physics, 530, [PHYS.COND.CM-MS] Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci], Article, Social sciences (General), Q1-390, Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons, [PHYS.QPHY]Physics [physics]/Quantum Physics [quant-ph], [PHYS.COND.CM-MS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci], [PHYS.QPHY] Physics [physics]/Quantum Physics [quant-ph]
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