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First Sagittarius A* Event Horizon Telescope Results. III. Imaging of the Galactic Center Supermassive Black Hole

Imaging of the Galactic Center Supermassive Black Hole
Authors: null Event Horizon Telescope Collaboration; Kazunori Akiyama; Antxon Alberdi; Walter Alef; Juan Carlos Algaba; Richard Anantua; Keiichi Asada; +193 Authors

First Sagittarius A* Event Horizon Telescope Results. III. Imaging of the Galactic Center Supermassive Black Hole

Abstract

Abstract We present the first event-horizon-scale images and spatiotemporal analysis of Sgr A* taken with the Event Horizon Telescope in 2017 April at a wavelength of 1.3 mm. Imaging of Sgr A* has been conducted through surveys over a wide range of imaging assumptions using the classical CLEAN algorithm, regularized maximum likelihood methods, and a Bayesian posterior sampling method. Different prescriptions have been used to account for scattering effects by the interstellar medium toward the Galactic center. Mitigation of the rapid intraday variability that characterizes Sgr A* has been carried out through the addition of a “variability noise budget” in the observed visibilities, facilitating the reconstruction of static full-track images. Our static reconstructions of Sgr A* can be clustered into four representative morphologies that correspond to ring images with three different azimuthal brightness distributions and a small cluster that contains diverse nonring morphologies. Based on our extensive analysis of the effects of sparse (u, v)-coverage, source variability, and interstellar scattering, as well as studies of simulated visibility data, we conclude that the Event Horizon Telescope Sgr A* data show compelling evidence for an image that is dominated by a bright ring of emission with a ring diameter of ∼50 μas, consistent with the expected “shadow” of a 4 × 106 M ⊙ black hole in the Galactic center located at a distance of 8 kpc.

Countries
Netherlands, France, France, Netherlands, Denmark, Netherlands, United Kingdom, Netherlands, South Africa, United States, Italy, Netherlands, United States, Spain, France, Finland, Italy, Netherlands, France, France
Keywords

Synthesis imaging, Black Holes, 330, Black hole, F520, Astronomy, F521, FOS: Physical sciences, 530, Event Horizon Telescope (EHT), [SDU] Sciences of the Universe [physics], Galactic center, High angular resolution, Very long baseline interferometry (VLBI), First Sagittarius A, 1769, Radio astronomy, Astronomical and space sciences, Aperture synthesis, Very long baseline interferometry, 162, 2167, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), 53, Black holes, Astrophysical black holes, Space sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, 001, 98, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, 520, 565, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), Astronomy & astrophysics, Astronomical sciences, 1338, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Mathematics

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citations
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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