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Food hygiene on the wards.

Authors: Steuer, W;

Food hygiene on the wards.

Abstract

A problem that is often overlooked or simply not given enough attention: the food served to patients from the kitchen is not sterile. If food is allowed to stand at room temperature for a long time, both in the case of food cooked for lunch and of food intended for supper which has been previously chilled, there is the possibility of massive spore germination or of dangerous toxin formation. Therefore regulations on how to handle food and beverages (e.g. tea) must be set out in the infection control policy, and checks carried out to monitor compliance with the rules relating to temperature checks, duration and type of storage, need for reheating, etc. Making staff aware of the issues involved is of paramount importance. These include monitoring hygiene standards in the ward kitchen, formulation of a cleaning policy, periodic bacteriological checks (not only of workstations but also of the dishwasher results), whenever possible the use of disposable cloths for working surfaces and equipment, changing cleaning cloths at least once daily and hygienic hand disinfection before and after handing out food. Foodstuffs brought in by visitors represent a special hygienic and organizational problem because in many cases they already have a high baseline microbial count. Visitors must be made aware that, for example, slices of cake left in the patient's room and often eaten only hours later can pose a risk of infection. In summary, the following principles of food hygiene must be observed on the wards: Maintenance of the cold-hot chain Not only reheat food, but ensure it is well heated throughout Avoid situations giving rise to spore germination in foodstuffs brought in by visitors Cleanliness and minimal contamination of kitchen worktops Cleanliness of crockery and kitchen towels Do not allow food to stand at room temperature for a long time, in particular desserts and confectionery A standard policy must be enforced to define the hygienic status and organization for food distribution for ward kitchens too.

Ein oft übersehenes oder vielleicht einfach nicht ausreichend ernst genommenes Problem: Die Patienten - Mahlzeiten aus der Küche sind nicht steril. Wird das Essen länger stehen gelassen, ist sowohl bei gekochtem Mittagessen als auch bei vorher gekühltem Abendessen bei Zimmertemperatur eine massive Aufkeimung oder eine gefährliche Toxinbildung möglich. Essen und Trinken (z.B. Tees) müssen daher in Hygieneplan aufgenommen werden, die Durchführung der Festlegungen in Bezug auf die Temperaturkontrollen, Dauer und Art der Lagerung, Notwendigkeit neuer Erhitzung etc. kontrolliert werden. Die Aufklärung des Personals ist von besonderer Bedeutung. In dem Zusammenhang wird zudem auf die Hygienekontrolle in der Stationsküche hingewiesen. Die Aufstellung eines Reinigungsplans, fallweise bakteriologische Kontrolle (nicht nur der Arbeitsplätze, sondern auch des Effekts der Geschirreinigung), wenn irgend möglich Einmalputztücher für Arbeitsflächen und Geräte oder der mindestens tägliche Wechsel der Reinigungstextilien bzw. der hygienische Händedesinfektion vor und nach der Essensverteilung. Von Besuchern mitgebrachte Lebensmittel stellen dabei ein besonderes hygienisches und organisatorisches Problem dar, da in vielen Fällen mit schon erhöhten Ausgangswerten zu rechnen ist. Besucher sind darüber aufzuklären, dass z.B. im Patientenzimmer abgestellte und oft erst nach Stunden verzehrte Tortenstücke zum Hygieneproblem werden können. Zusammenfassend werden auf den Stationen folgende Lebensmittelhygienische Grundsätze empfohlen: Einhaltung der Kühl- und Wärmekette Nicht nur Nacherwärmung, sondern Durcherhitzung der Speisen Vermeidung der Aufkeimung bei von Besuchern mitgebrachten Lebensmitteln Sauberkeit und minimale Belastung der Arbeitsfläche in der Küche Reinheit des Geschirrs und der Küchentextilien Keine längere Lagerung von Speisen, insbesondere vom Nachtisch und Patisseriewaren bei Zimmertemperatur Hygienischer Status und Organisation der Speisenabgabe muss auch bei Stationsküchen standardisiert werden.

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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