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Comparative biomass spectra and species composition of the zooplankton communities in Golfo Dulce and Golfo de Nicoya, Pacific coast of Costa Rica.

Authors: von Wangelin, Markus; Wolff, Matthias;

Comparative biomass spectra and species composition of the zooplankton communities in Golfo Dulce and Golfo de Nicoya, Pacific coast of Costa Rica.

Abstract

Se estudió submuestras del plancton recolectado durante la expedición del barco Victor Hensen al Pacífico costarricense en 1993/94 para comparar las comunidades planc­tónicas del Golfo de Nicoya (GN) y el Golfo Dulce (GD). Se analizó espectros biomásicos en estaciones costeras y de mar adentro al final de la estación lluviosa y durante la seca. La biomasa de plancton costero fue significativamente mayor en el GN que en el GD y superó en mucho a la biomasa de mar adentro; en el GD ocurrió lo contrario. En la estación lluviosa los espectros biomasicos costeros de ambos golfos mostraron discontinuidad con las con­ centraciones de biomasa en los tamaños pequeños (aproximadamente 0.06 mg) lo que sugiere que las comunidades están poco desar­rolladas y que la mayor producción y uso de energía se dan en los organismos pequeños. De la estación lluviosa a la seea la riqueza de especies costeras aumentó en ambos golfos y hubo un cambia hacia los grupos más grandes, produciéndose un espectro biomásico más con­tinuo. En el GN las larvas de bivalvo, foraminíferos. ostracodos, mísidos y nauplios aumentan mucha en abundancia y aparecen algunos especímenes gelatinosos. En el GD el zoo­plancton gelatinoso es muy abundante y domi­na la biomasa comunitaria, seguido por quetog­natos grandes y ostrácodos. En el GD el zoo­plancton costero tiene elementos neríticos y oceánicos y difiere menos del plancton de mar adentro, mientras que en el GN el plancton cos­tero es fundamentalmente nerítico. La gran abundancia de huevos de pez e invertebrados larvales sugiere que el área tiene importancia reproductiva. Mientras que en la estación llu­viosa la biomasa costera fue unas 15 veces mayor en el GN que en el GD, esta diferencia se redujo a 3-4 veces en la seca debido a la aparición de los grandes depredadores men­cionados. Los cambios de la estación lluviosa a la seca en las estaciones de mar adentro en ambos golfos es menos pronunciada en bio­masa total, forma de los espectros biomásicos y composición taxonómica de la comunidad. Las diferencia (espectros biomasicos relativamente continuos con una pendiente creciente y una alta biomasa total en el GD, contra espectros mas aplanados y conos debidos a la ausencia de grandes quetognatos y medusas en el GN) sugiere que las condiciones en el primero per­miten un desarrollo mejor de una comunidad planctónica que es trofodinámicamente com­pacta.

This study is based on a subset of plankton samples obtained during an expedition of the German RV Victor Hensen to the Pacific coast of Costa Rica in 1993/94. It aims at the identification of the main plankton taxa for a gene­ral description and comparison of the plankton communities of the gulf systems Golfo de Nicoya (GN) and Golfo Dulce (GO) and tile analysis of biomass spectra at inshore and offshore stations at the end of the rainy season and du­ring the dry season. Inshore plankton biomass was significantly higher in GN than GO and exceeded offshore biomass several times, while in the GO area the reverse was found. In the rainy season, inshore biomass spectra of GN and GO were discontinuous with biomass concentrations at small sizes (around O.06mg) suggesting little developed communi­ties. with highest production and energy use occurring in the small organisms. From the rainy to the dry season inshore species richness increased in both gulf systems and a shift was observed towards the larger size groups resulting in more continuous biomass spectra. In GN, bivalve larvae, foraminifers, ostracods, mysids and nauplii increase heavily in abundance and some gelatinous specimens occur. In GO. gelatinous zooplankton appears in enormous abundance and dominate the community biomass, followed by large chaetognaths and ostracods. In GO. inshore plankton has neritic and oceanic elements and differs less from the offshore plankton, whereas in GN, inshore plankton is largely neritic. The high abundance of fish eggs and invertebrate larvae suggest that this area is an important spawning ground. While in the rainy season inshore biomass was about 15 limes higher in GN compared to GO, this difference was reduced to 3-4 times in the dry season due to the appearance of the large predators mentioned above. The changes from the rainy to the dry season at the offshore stations of both gulf systems are less pronounced in terms of total bio­mass, shape of the biomass spectra and taxonomic composition of the community. The differences - relatively continu­ous biomass spectra with an increasing slope and a high total biomass in GD versus flat and sooner spectra due to the absence of large chaetognaths and medusa in the GN - suggest that conditions in the former area a!low for a better development of a trophodinamically tightly Structured plankton community.

Keywords

Costa Rica, Pacific Ocean, biomass spectra, Animals, Biomass, Zooplankton

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
7
Average
Top 1%
Average
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gold