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Trepadeiras do Parque Estadual Carlos Botelho, núcleo São Miguel Arcanjo, São Paulo, Brasil

Authors: Monzoli, João Victor Longhi;

Trepadeiras do Parque Estadual Carlos Botelho, núcleo São Miguel Arcanjo, São Paulo, Brasil

Abstract

As florestas tropicais são consideradas os ecossistemas mais diversos do mundo. No entanto, a maior parte dos dados disponíveis sobre o componente florístico se restringe às árvores. Nessas florestas, as trepadeiras representam um grupo bastante diversificado e são encontradas em mais de um terço das famílias de espermatófitas. Apesar do papel ativo e alta importância das trepadeiras na dinâmica florestal, coletá-las e identificá-las ainda é um grande desafio. Ainda que nas últimas duas décadas tenha havido um aumento no número de estudos sobre plantas trepadeiras no Brasil, as florestas ombrófilas continuam pouco estudadas quanto à essa forma de vida. Assim sendo, o presente trabalho realizou o levantamento florístico e foi criado um banco de dados de DNA barcode das plantas trepadeiras para o Parque Estadual Carlos Botelho, Estado de São Paulo, sudeste do Brasil. Por sete meses foram coletados espécimes férteis ao longo de estradas e incursões na mata. Foram registradas 73 espécies de trepadeiras, distribuídas em 47 gêneros e 25 famílias; as famílias mais ricas em número de espécies foram: Asteraceae (13 espécies), Malpighiaceae (8) e Bignoniaceae (6). Foram acrescentados para a área 32 novos registros de espécies, com destaque para Wilbrandia hibiscoides e Heteropterys thyrsoidea que possuem algum grau de vulnerabilidade no Estado de São Paulo. Foram elaboradas chaves de identificação dicotômicas para as famílias e espécies, também foi elaborada uma chave de identificação interativa para todas as espécies. As descrições morfológicas destacam as principais características dos caules das plantas e estão seguidas de comentários taxonômicos com base em caracteres vegetativos, dados de distribuição geográfica e imagens das principais estruturas de cada espécie. Para o DNA barcoding, foi criado um banco de dados do espaçador intergênico trnH-psbA de 62 espécies, o qual mostrou 100% de precisão no nível de espécie.

Tropical forests are considered the most species-rich ecosystems in the world. However, most of the available data on the floristic component is restricted to trees. In these forests, climbing plants represent a highly diverse group and are found in more than a third of Spermatophyta families. Despite the active role and high importance of climbing plants in forest dynamics, collecting and identifying them is still a major challenge. Although in the last two decades, there has been an increase in numbers of studies on climbing plants in Brazil, ombrophylous forests still remain poorly understood concerning the climbing habit. Thus, in this study we have carried out a floristic survey and created a DNA barcode database of climbing plants from Carlos Botelho State Park, São Paulo State, southeastern Brazil. For seven months, we collected all fertile specimens along roads and forest incursions. We found 73 species of climbing plants, distributed in 47 genera and 25 families; the most species-rich familes were: Asteraceae (13 species), Malpighiaceae (8), and Bignoniaceae (6). Thirty-two (32) species were found for the first time in the area, with emphasis on Wilbrandia hibiscoides and Heteropterys thyrsoidea, which have some degree of vulnerability in São Paulo State. In addition, we presented dichotomous identification keys to families and species. Furthermore, we developed an interactive identification key for all species. Morphological descriptions highlight key features of the plant stems and are followed by taxonomic comments based on vegetative characters, geographic distribution, and images of the main structures of each species. For DNA barcoding, we created a database of the intergenic spacer trnH-psbA of 62 species, which showed 100% accuracy at the species level.

Pós-graduação em Biociências - FCLAS

Country
Brazil
Keywords

Climbing plants, Dados morfológicos, Mata Atlântica, Taxonomia, Atlantic Forest, Morphological data, DNA barcode, Chave interativa, Plantas trepadeiras, Taxonomy, Interactive key

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
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