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Propriedades funcionais de óleos extraídos de sementes de frutos do cerrado brasileiro

Authors: Luzia, Débora Maria Moreno;

Propriedades funcionais de óleos extraídos de sementes de frutos do cerrado brasileiro

Abstract

The demand for vegetable oils with bioactive constituents has increased in recent years due to the presence of special components, which characterize them as functional foods. Since it is a relatively new field of study, there is a need for more research on the vegetable oils that contain biologically active substances. This study aimed to characterize the oil extracted from seeds of fruits from the Brazilian cerrado in order to identify bioactive compounds to evaluate possible application in food. The determinations of the proximate (moisture, lipids, protein, ash, fibers and total carbohydrates, by difference) and nutritional compositions were conducted in the seeds, and in oils extracted from the seeds, physicochemical characteristics were analyzed (free fatty acids, acidity, peroxides values, refraction, iodine and saponification and unsaponifiable matter), determining the rate of oxidative stability, the antioxidant capacity, by means of the β-carotene/linoleic acid, DPPH●, FRAP and ABTS●+ systems, as well as the composition in phytosterols, tocopherols, total phenolic compounds, total carotenoids and fatty acids. The results were submitted to analysis of variance and Tukey test for 5% average, using the ESTAT program, version 2.0. The araticum, baru and pequi seeds showed the highest percentage of lipids, 28.24, 38.47 and 51.58%, respectively, enabling the extraction of oil from them as an alternative to commercial use. Also, the seeds of the Brazilian cerrado fruits showed high percentages of insoluble fibers, as well as considerable amounts of protein, total carbohydrates and good caloric sources, besides significant levels of minerals such as Ca, K, Mg, Na and P, which enable them to be used in food and feed. Regarding physicochemical properties, oils presented characteristics that are similar to those of... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

A demanda de óleos vegetais com constituintes bioativos vem aumentando nos últimos anos devido à presença de componentes especiais, os quais os caracterizam como alimentos funcionais. Por ser um campo de estudo relativamente recente, há necessidade de um maior número de pesquisas sobre os óleos vegetais que contêm substâncias biologicamente ativas. Este trabalho teve como principal objetivo caracterizar os óleos extraídos de sementes de frutos do cerrado brasileiro a fim de identificar compostos bioativos para avaliar a possível aplicação em alimentos. Nas sementes de araticum, baru, buriti, jatobá, jenipapo, pequi e sapoti foram realizadas a determinação da composição química centesimal (umidade, lipídios, proteínas, cinzas, fibras e carboidratos totais, por diferença) e nutricional, e nos óleos extraídos das sementes foram analisadas as características físico-químicas (ácidos graxos livres, acidez, índices de peróxidos, de refração, de iodo e de saponificação e matéria insaponificável), a determinação do índice de estabilidade oxidativa, a capacidade antioxidante, por meio dos sistemas β-caroteno/ácido linoleico, DPPH•, FRAP e ABTS•+, bem como a composição em fitosteróis, tocoferóis, compostos fenólicos totais, carotenoides totais e ácidos graxos. Os resultados foram submetidos às análises de variância e testes de Tukey para as médias a 5% empregando o programa ESTAT, versão 2.0. As sementes de araticum, baru e pequi foram as que apresentaram maiores porcentagens de lipídios, 28,24, 38,47 e 51,58%, respectivamente, possibilitando a extração de óleo das mesmas como alternativa para o aproveitamento comercial, e ainda, as sementes do cerrado brasileiro apresentaram elevadas porcentagens de fibras insolúveis, assim como quantidades consideráveis de proteínas, carboidratos...

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Pós-graduação em Engenharia e Ciência de Alimentos - IBILCE

Country
Brazil
Keywords

Tecnologia de alimentos, Antioxidantes, Sementes oleaginosas - Análise, Vegetable oils, Oleos e gorduras - Análise, Antioxidants

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green