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Alvin Plantinga`nın Tanrı anlayışı

Authors: Batak, Kemal;

Alvin Plantinga`nın Tanrı anlayışı

Abstract

Alvin Plantinga geçen yüzyılın en önemli din felsefecilerinden biri olarak kabuledilmektedir. Tezde ilk bölümde onun ontolojik argümana bakışı üzerine yoğunlaştım.Plantinga'ya göre klasik ontolojik argüman versiyonlarının bazı zaafları vardır. Bu nedenle o,modal mantığın S5 aksiyomunu esas alarak kendi ontolojik argümanını inşa eder. O, ontolojikargümanla teizmin doğruluğunu değil rasyonalitesini sağlamaya çalışır. Klasik doğalteolojinin katı hedefinden farklı olarak daha mütevazı bir hedefi olan Plantinga buargümanında başarılı görünür.İkinci bölümde, onun teistik inanca delilci itiraza meydan okuyan görüşlerine ve klasiktemelciliğe yönelik yıkıcı eleştirilerine yer verdim. O burada kısaca teistik inancınrasyonalitesi için delilin zorunlu olmadığını düşünür. Ona göre Tanrı inancı apaçık,değiştirilemez ve duyular için açık olan inançların yanı sıra hafıza inançları, a priori inançlargibi temel olabilir. Tanrı inancı uygun koşullarda üretildiğinde gerekçelendirilmiştir ve bunedenle rasyoneldir. Onun en meşhur görüşlerinden biri olan bu görüşe göre Tanrı inancıhaklı temel olabilir. Plantinga burada bir kişinin epistemik ödevine karşı çıkmadığı, onlarıihlal etmediği anlamında deontolojik rasyonaliteyi hedeflemektedir.Üçüncü bölümde klasik rasyonalite ve gerekçelendirme kavramlarını yetersiz bularakgüvence kavramını kullanan Plantinga, Tanrı inancının ve Hristiyan inancının güvencelendiğibir bakış açısına sahiptir. Epistemik açıdan dışsalcı olan Plantinga Tanrı inancı için A/CModel'i, Hristiyan inancı/Tanrı'sı için Genişletilmiş A/C Model teklif eder. Bu epistemikgüvence kuramına göre uygun bir çevrede tasarım planına göre doğru işleyen başarılı birşekilde doğruyu hedefleyen bilişsel yetiler güvenilir inancı bize verirler. Bu epistemolojikkurama göre Tanrı inancı ve Hristiyan Tanrısı güvencelenmiştir. Plantinga'nın bu kuramınınen önemli yönü Hristiyan inancını koşullu olarak doğru kabul etmesidir. Buna göre eğerHristiyan inancı doğru ise güvencelenmiştir.

Alvin Plantinga is considered as one of the most important philosopher of religion, inthe last century. In the first part of the thesis, I concentrate on his view of ontologicalargument. According to Plantinga the version of classical ontological argument have somefaults. Thus he put forward his ontological argument based on S5 axiom of modal logic. Hedoesn?t want to reach the truth of theism but rationality of theism with ontological argument.Plantinga who has a more simple target which is different from the target of classical naturaltheology has been seen successful in his argument.In the second part, I mention his view of evidentialist objection to theistic belief andhis destroying critics to classical foundationalism. In his critics he thinks that the evidence isnot necessary for rationality of theism. According to him, belief in God can be basic such asself-evidence, incorrigible, evident to sense, memory beliefs, a priori beliefs. Belief in God isjustified when it is produced in apropriate conditions, so it is rational. According to this viewwhich is one of his most famous views, belief in God can be basic. Plantinga aimsdeontological rationality, which means one doesn?t refuse and reject epistemic duty.In the third part, Plantinga who uses warrant term finding the term of classicalrationality and justification insufficient, has a view which is warranted belief in God andchristian belief. Plantinga who is epistemic externalist puts forward A/C Model for belief inGod, Extended A/C Model for Christian belief. According to theory of epistemic warrant abelief enjoys warrant when it is formed by properly functioning cognitive faculties in acongenial epistemic environment according to design plan successfully aimed at truth.Accoring to the epistemic theory belief in God and Christian God are warranted. The mostimportant aspect of Plantinga?s theory is that he accepts Chrisitian belief true but oncondition. Therefore if Chiristian belief is true it is warranted.

331

Country
Turkey
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Keywords

Religion, Philosophy, Din Felsefesi, Felsefe_Din, Felsefe, Tanrı_Felsefe, Din

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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