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AGRICULTURA DE PRECISIÓN: DOSIS VARIABLE DE NITRÓGENO EN CEBADA

Authors: Peralta, Nahuel Raúl; Barbieri, Pablo Andres; Gowland, Tomas; Aparicio, Virginia Carolina; Costa, José Luis;

AGRICULTURA DE PRECISIÓN: DOSIS VARIABLE DE NITRÓGENO EN CEBADA

Abstract

La Agricultura de Precisión (AP) permite delimitar zonas de manejo (ZM) que expresan diferente potencial de rendimiento. Los objetivos de esta investigación fueron: (l) determinar la interacción entre las ZM y la fertilización nitrogenada sobre el rendimiento del cultivo de cebada cervecera cv. Scarlett.; (ll) estimar las disponibilidades óptimas económicas (DOE) de nitrógeno (N) según ZM y; (lll) determinar si la delimitación de ZM mejora la eficiencia en el uso del N del fertilizante. Esta investigación fue conducida en un lote comercial de 156 ha ubicado en el partido de Lobería (37°57’45,82"S, 59°6’24,67"O), provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina. Las ZM se generaron utilizando la medición georeferenciada de la Conductividad eléctrica Aparente del suelo, la elevación del terreno y la profundidad de suelo. Los datos de rendimiento de cebada se recolectaron con un monitor de rendimiento. Se utilizó un diseño experimental de bloques completos aleatorizados con 12 repeticiones por ZM. Los bloques fueron divididos en tres parcelas. Cada parcela recibió una dosis de fertilizante nitrogenado (38 N, 83 N y un testigo -0 kg N ha-1). El efecto de la interacción entre N disponible y ZM resultó significativo (p<0,05), indicando que la respuesta a la fertilización es diferente entre ZM. Para la ZM de bajo potencial, la DOE fue más baja respecto de ZM de alto potencial. Además, la eficiencia de uso del fertilizante difirió significativamente (p<0,05) entre ZM, siendo superior para la zona de alto potencial. La aplicación de la tecnología de AP permitió determinar que la DOE pueden variar entre ZM. La aplicación de dosis de N variable en función de la potencialidad de cada ZM permite ser más eficiente en el uso de este insumo, disminuyendo los riesgos de pérdida de N, y en consecuencia, la probabilidad de contaminación del ambiente, logrando incrementar la sustentabilidad de los sistemas productivos.

Precision Agriculture (PA) allows to delimit management zones (MZ) that express different yield potentials. The objectives of this study were to: (l) determine the interaction between MZ and nitrogen (N) fertilization on crop yield of malting barley cv. Scarlett.; (ll) estimate the optimal economic (DOE) availability of N for each MZ and; (lll) determine whether the delimitation of MZs improves efficiency in the use of N fertilizer. This study was conducted on a 156 ha-commercial field located at Lobería (37°57’45,82"S, 59°6’24,67"O), province of Buenos Aires, Argentina. The MZ were generated using apparent soil electrical conductivity measurements, terrain elevation and soil depth. Barely yield data was collected with a yield monitor. The experimental design was a randomized complete block with 12 replications for MZ. Blocks were divided into three plots. Each plot received a different N fertilizer rate (38, 83 and control-0 kg N ha-1). The interaction effect between available N and MZ was significant (p <0,05), indicating that the response to fertilization differed among MZ. For low MZ potential, DOE was lower compared to high potential MZ. Furthermore, the efficiency of fertilizer use showed significant differences (p <0,05) between MZ, being higher in the high potential MZ. The application of AP technology showed that DOE were different among MZ. Variable rate N application optimizes NUE on every MZ . This decreases the risk of N loss, and therefore, the likelihood of environment contamination, thereby increasing the sustainability of production systems.

Fil: Barbieri, Pablo. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina

Fil: Peralta, Nahuel Raúl. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina

Fil: Aparicio, Virginia Carolina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce; Argentina

Fil: Costa, Jose Luis. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce; Argentina

Fil: Gowland, Tomás. Asociación Argentina de Consorcios Regionales de Experimentación Agrícola; Argentina

EEA Balcarce

Country
Argentina
Keywords

Nitrogen Fertilizers, Profundidad, Nitrogen, zonas de manejo, profundidad de suelo, Agriculture (General), S1-972, SB1-1110, Dosis de Aplicación, Agricultura de Precisión, Spatial Variability, Barley, https://purl.org/becyt/ford/4.1, https://purl.org/becyt/ford/4, Variabilidad Espacial, SUDESTE BONAERENSE, Nitrógeno, Application Rates, Depth, variabilidad espacia, sudeste bonaerense, Plant culture, Abonos Nitrogenados, PROFUNDIDAD DE SUELO, Cebada, VARIABILIDAD ESPACIAL, Buenos Aires, Hordeum Vulgare, ZONA DE MANEJO

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
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