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handle: 10261/79515
[EN] The aim of the present study was to investigate the influence of the application of N, P or K fertilizers on floristic composition of the herbage harvested from different paddocks of a mountain meadow located in the Mountain of León (Cantabrian Mountains, Spain). For ten years each plot was harvested twice a year (June and September) according to a traditional harvest system. Some species richness parameters as well as floristic composition was maintained (forty botanical species) but the proportion of total biomass of each species was affected by fertilization. Eighty percent of total dry matter forage yield is obtained from a reduced number of species that are considered the group of ‘the most productive species’. D. glomerata, H. lanatus, F. pratensis, L. perenne and P. lanceolata were always part of this the most productive species group in all the fertilizer treatments. Fertilization affected the production of different botanical species. N fertilization increased A. elatius yield but decreased C. cristatus, P. trivialis, T. pratense and P.lanceolata yield. Application of P fertilizer increased A. elatius, P. pratensis and T. repens production whereas decreased T. pratense and P. lanceolata production. K fertilization increased T. repens and reduced D. glomerata, P. trivialis and T. oficinale. All the fertilizers decreased the proportion of C. nigra and C. capillaris. Fertilization also affected the main botanical groups yield, grouped according their agronomic quality. N fertilization increased the proportion of the best quality grasses (G1), whereas that K increased the group of the worse quality grasses (G3). N fertilization negatively affected the proportion of legume, and both N and P decreased the proportion of the group of other dicotyledoneus herbs of agronomic interest (O1).
[ES] Se estudia la respuesta de la vegetación de un prado situado en la vertiente sur de la Cordillera Cantábrica (Montaña de León), que se ha sometido, durante 10 años, a una fertilización de N, P y K y a un aprovechamiento de dos siegas anuales. La flora permanece a lo largo del tiempo y los indicadores de diversidad no varían de forma significativa. El “fondo de prado” (80% de la biomasa del forraje) está formado por 8-9 especies, que varían dependiendo de la fertilización, pero que siempre incluyen Cynosurus cristatus, Dactylis glomerata, Festuca pratensis, Holcus lanatus, Lolium perenne y Plantago lanceolata. A nivel específico la fertilización nitrogenada incrementa Arrhenatherum elatius y reduce C. cristatus, Poa trivialis, Trifolium pratense y P. lanceolata. La fertilización fosfórica favorece a A. elatius, Poa pratensis y Trifolium repens y deprime a T. pratense y P. lanceolata. La fertilización con potasio aumenta T. repens y disminuye la proporción de D. glomerata, P. trivialis y T. oficinale. Todos los fertilizantes reducen la presencia de Centaurea nigra y Crepis capillaris. A nivel de grupos de interés agronómico, las gramíneas de mejor calidad (G1) se incrementan con el nitrógeno, mientras que las peores (G3) lo hacen con el potasio. Las leguminosas descienden con el nitrógeno y las otras especies con interés forrajero (O1) disminuyen con N y con el P.
7 páginas, 4 tablas.-- Trabajo presentado a la 50 Reunión Científica de la Sociedad Española para el Estudio de los Pastos(Toledo, España, 9 al 11 de Mayo, 2011)
Peer reviewed
Species of agronomic interest, Diversity, NPK, The most productive species group, Especies de interés agronómico, Fondo de prado, Diversidad especies de interés agronómico
Species of agronomic interest, Diversity, NPK, The most productive species group, Especies de interés agronómico, Fondo de prado, Diversidad especies de interés agronómico
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