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Calidad de prados en el Pirineo de Huesca: valoración mediante análisis botánicos y químicos

Authors: Reiné, Ramón; Vílchez, Carmen; Broca, A.; Maestro Martínez, Melchor; Barrantes, Olivia; Chocarro, Cristina; Juárez, Alejandro; +1 Authors

Calidad de prados en el Pirineo de Huesca: valoración mediante análisis botánicos y químicos

Abstract

Se ha realizado, durante junio y julio de 2008 y 2009, un control de 160 parcelas de prados del Pirineo aragonés. Se presentan datos de cobertura por familias (gramíneas, leguminosas y “otras”), de análisis de valoración botánica (métodos del Valor pastoral -VP- y del Complex), de análisis químico-bromatológicos (PB, Cenizas, FND, FAD y LAD) y, a partir de estos últimos, cálculos de parámetros de valor nutritivo (ingestión -IMS- y digestibilidad -DMS- de la materia seca y valor relativo del forraje -VRF-). Se concluye que los dos métodos de valoración botánica están altamente correlacionados entre sí, por lo que sería preferible optar por el VP por su mayor simplicidad. Sin embargo, se ha obtenido correlación negativa entre los resultados de calidad de los métodos botánicos y de los químicos, lo que se explica porque en estos últimos se analiza “toda” la hierba, incluyendo plantas tóxicas, plantas mecánicamente perjudiciales y plantas no apetecibles, que el ganado no consume o no debería consumir, casi todas del grupo de “otras”, que sí son despreciadas en los métodos botánicos. Estos últimos, por tanto, deberían primar sobre los químicos en comunidades de pastos polifitos y con alta biodiversidad vegetal, máxime si se consumen en pastoreo.

Field sampling consisting of 160 stands was done in June and July of 2008 and 2009 in Aragonese Pyrenean meadows. Family coverage (grasses, legumes and forbs), value assessment by means of two botanical methods (Pastoral Value -PV- and Complex methods) and chemical analyses (CP, Ashes, NDF, ADF and ADL) are showed. From the chemical analyses, quality parameters (dry matter intake and digestibility, and relative forage value) were calculated. As the two botanical assessment methods were highly correlated, it was concluded that PV methods should be preferred, due to its highest simplicity. Nevertheless, a negative correlation was found between the results of botanical and chemical assessments. In the chemical assessment, the whole grass sample is analyzed, including toxic, mechanically damaging and non-palatable species. Almost all of these species are included in the ‘forbs’ group, are not (or should not be) eaten by the livestock, and are discarded when applying the botanical methods. We conclude that botanical methods should be chosen versus chemical methods when applied to multi-species, highly diverse communities, remarkably in grazed pastures.

Ponencia presentada a la 51 Reunión Científica de la SEEP celebrada en la Escuela Superior de Ingenieros Agrónomos de la Universidad Pública de Navarra entre el 14 y el 18 de mayo de 2012.

Este trabajo se enmarca en el Proyecto PM076/2007 del Gobierno de Aragón.

Keywords

Valor Pastoral (VP), Relative forage value, Método “Complex”, Pastoral value, Valor relativo del forraje (VRF), Digestibilidad, Dry matter digestibility, Complex method

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popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
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influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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