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Docta Complutense
Article . 2005
Data sources: Docta Complutense
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Major palaeoenvironmental changes in the Campanian to Palaeocene sequence of Caravaca (Subbetic zone, Spain)

Authors: Chacón, B.; Martín Chivelet, Javier;

Major palaeoenvironmental changes in the Campanian to Palaeocene sequence of Caravaca (Subbetic zone, Spain)

Abstract

[EN] En este trabajo se presenta un estudio sedimentológico y bioestratigráfi co integrado de la sucesión de edad Campaniense a Paleoceno de Caravaca de la Cruz (SE de España), el cual permite reconstruir la evolución ambiental para ese periodo en este sector de los dominios pelágicos a hemipelágicos de la antigua margen continental sur de Iberia. Atendiendo a sus características sedimentológicas y paleoecológicas, estos depósitos se han dividido en cuatro unidades estratigráfi cas. La primera unidad (Campaniense medio a superior, biozonas de Globotruncana ventricosa, Globotruncanita calcarata y Globotruncana falsostuarti) está constituida por calizas de aspecto rítmico, formadas a partir de la decantación de fi no material biogénico en un ambiente marino abierto a profundidades batiales superiores. La segunda unidad (Campaniense terminal a Maastrichtiense inferior, parte inferior a media de la biozona de Gansserina gansseri) se caracteriza por la presencia de depósitos calcareníticos de grano fi no producidos por la acción de corrientes de fondo. El inicio de la actividad de estas corrientes sobre el fondo marino estuvo probablemente relacionado con el comienzo de la convergencia entre Iberia y África, que pudo originar un estrechamiento en la zona de paso entre ambas zonas emergidas y, por consiguiente, una intensifi cación y profundización de las corrientes oceánicas. La tercera unidad (Maastrichtiense superior, parte superior de la biozona de Gansserina gansseri y biozona de Abathomphalus mayaroensis) está formada por margas depositadas en un ambiente hemipelágico mixto, probablemente algo más profundo que el desarrollado durante la etapa anterior y que recibía mayores aportes de terrígenos de grano fi no. Hacia el fi nal de este intervalo, este medio comenzó a recibir esporádicos aportes turbidíticos. Durante el cuarto intervalo diferenciado (Paleoceno, biozonas de Parasubbotina pseudobulloides, Praemurica trinidadensis, Praemurica uncinata, Morozovella angulata, Igorina pusilla y Globanomalina pseudomenardii) la sedimentación continuó en un medio similar al descrito para la etapa anterior. Estas cuatro unidades están limitadas por episodios de rápido cambio en las condiciones de depósito, refl ejadas en la sucesión estratigráfi ca por cambios abruptos en las facies. Estos episodios, de edad Campaniense terminal, Maastrichtiense “medio” y Maastrichtiense terminal a Paleoceno basal, pueden correlacionarse con discontinuidades estratigráfi cas de carácter regional descritas en series más someras y proximales del dominio Prebético, y ser considerados por ello, como eventos de carácter regional. El origen de los mismos, de acuerdo a sus características regionales, debe ser tectónico y estar relacionado con el inicio de la convergencia alpina en esa margen continental.

[EN] An integrated sedimentological and biostratigraphical study of the Campanian to Palaeocene succession of Caravaca de la Cruz (SE Spain) has allowed to recognize the palaeoenvironmental evolution of this area, located within the pelagic/hemipelagic domains of the ancient southern continental margin of Iberia. This succession has been divided in four stratigraphic intervals on the basis of their sedimentological and palaeoecological features. The fi rst interval (middle to upper Campanian, Globotruncana ventricosa, Globotruncanita calcarata, and , Globotruncana falsostuarti biozones) consists in rhythmically bedded limestones formed by a slow and relatively steady fallout of biogenic debris in an upper bathyal setting. The second interval (latest Campanian to lower Maastrichtian, lower to middle part of the Gansserina gansseri biozone) is defi ned by the presence of fi ne-grained calcarenites deposited under the infl uence of bottom currents. The onset of that infl uence was probably related with the beginning of the convergence between Iberia and Africa that led to a narrowing of the passage between them, and thus to an intensifi cation and a deepening of the oceanic currents in the area. The third interval (upper Maastrichtian, upper part of the G. gansseri biozone and the Abathomphalus mayaroensis biozone) is formed by marls deposited in a mixed hemipelagic environment, deeper than that of the previous unit, and with high fi ne terrigenous input. Towards the end of this interval, this environment began to receive sporadic turbiditic deposits. During the fourth interval (Palaeocene, Parasubbotina pseudobulloides, Praemurica trinidadensis, Praemurica uncinata, Morozovella angulata, Igorina pusilla, and Globanomalina pseudomenardii biozones) the same type of sedimentation, including turbidite input, prevailed. The four intervals are bounded by episodes of rapid environmental change, refl ected in the stratigraphic succession by abrupt transitions in facies. These episodes, latest Campanian, “middle” Maastrichtian and latest Maastrichtian to earliest Palaeocene in age, can be correlated with regional stratigraphic unconformities in the more proximal and shallower sections of the Prebetic domain, and be interpreted as regional events. The origin of these events, according to their regional features, is mainly tectonic, probably related to the onset of the alpine convergence in that continental margin.

This paper is a contribution to the research project REN 2001-1607/GLO of the Spanish Ministry of Science and Technology. Comments and suggestions by Christian Betzler (Hamburg) and an anonymous referee clearly contributed to improve the manuscript and are greatly appreciated. Thanks are extended to Editor K.-U-Gräfe for his useful comments and editorial assistance.

Peer reviewed

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Spain
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Keywords

2506.19 Estratigrafía, 56:551.763.3(460.33), Hemipelagic, Foraminíferos planctónicos, Planktic foraminifera, Béticas, Hemipelágico, Betics, Palaeocene, Paleoceno, Palaeoenvironmental changes, Paleoceno., Cambios paleoambientales, Geología estratigráfica, Cretácico terminal, Latest Cretaceous

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This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
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