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Minimal-Access Rights in School Choice and the Deferred Acceptance Mechanism

Minimal-access rights in school choice and the deferred acceptance mechanism
Authors: Bettina Klaus; Flip Klijn;

Minimal-Access Rights in School Choice and the Deferred Acceptance Mechanism

Abstract

A classical school choice problem consists of a set of schools with priorities over students and a set of students with preferences over schools. Schools’ priorities are often based on multiple criteria, for example, merit-based test scores as well as minimal-access rights (siblings attending the school, students’ proximity to the school, etc.). Traditionally, minimal-access rights are incorporated into priorities by always giving minimal-access students higher priority over non-minimal-access students. However, stability based on such adjusted priorities can be considered unfair because a minimal-access student may be admitted to a popular school, whereas another student with a higher merit score but without a minimal-access right is rejected, even though the former minimal-access student could easily attend another of her minimal-access schools. We therefore weaken stability to minimal-access stability: minimal-access rights promote access to only at most one minimal-access school. Apart from minimal-access stability, we also would want a school choice mechanism to satisfy strategy-proofness and minimal-access monotonicity, that is, additional minimal-access rights for a student do not harm her. Our main result is that the deferred acceptance mechanism is the only mechanism that satisfies minimal-access stability, strategy-proofness, and minimal-access monotonicity. Because this mechanism is in fact stable, our result can be interpreted as an impossibility result: fairer outcomes that are made possible by the weaker property of minimal-access stability are incompatible with strategy-proofness and minimal-access monotonicity. Funding: This work was supported by the Spanish State Research Agency [Grant PID2020-114251GB-I00], AGAUR–Generalitat de Catalunya [Grant 2021-SGR-00416], the Severo Ochoa Programme for Centres of Excellence in R&D (Barcelona School of Economics) [Grant CEX2019-000915-S], and the Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung [Grant 100018_192583].

Country
Spain
Keywords

priorities, Matching models, stability, deferred acceptance, Minimal-access rights, justified envy, Priorities, Applications of game theory, minimal-access rights, school choice, School choice, Deferred acceptance, Justified envy, Stability

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selected citations
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This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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