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doi: 10.1051/lait:1992532
handle: 10261/245672
[EN]: Eight wild-type strains belonging to lactococci, lactobacilli or leuconostoc species were tested as starter cultures in the production of semi-hard goat's milk cheese. The screening of the strains in cheesemaking was in a laboratory scale production. Eleven batches were produced using a combination of the strains in different proportions as starters. Two control batches were made, one from raw milk without starter and another from pasteurized milk with a commercial starter. The strains used in the cheeses that received the best scores in the laboratory scale production were assayed in a pilot scale cheesemaking process. The control batch was produced from raw milk without starter. The starter containing Lactococcus lacb's subsp lactis IFPL 359, Lactobacillus casei subsp casei IFPL 731, Lactobacillus plantarum IFPL 935, Leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp dextranicum IFPL 709 and Leuconostoc paramesenteroides IFPL 705 provided the cheeses with the best characteristics after 60 d of ripening. Lactococci were the most abundant flora in the cheeses, and lactobacilli attained high counts on conclusion of ripening. The cheeses presented nitrogen fractions higher than in the control. The experimental cheeses displayed small, evenly-distributed openings and were awarded maximum scores for flavor, texture and general acceptability. [FR]: Huit souches sauvages de lactocoques, de lactobacilles et de leuconostocs ont été testées en tant que levain pour la fabrication de fromages de chèvre à pâte semi-dure. L'étude des souches, dans un premier temps, a été réalisée au laboratoire. Onze levains, composés de différents mélanges des 8 souches, ont été utilisés pour la fabrication de fromages. Deux fabrications témoins, l'une à base de lait cru sans levain et l'autre à base de lait pasteurisé ensemencé avec un levain du commerce, ont aussi été réalisées. Après évaluation de la qualité des fromages obtenus, les meilleurs levains ont été testés à l'échelle pilote. Le levain contenant les souches Lactococcus lactis subps lactis IFPL 359, Lactobacillus casei subsp casei IFPL 731, Lactobacillus plantarum IFPL 935, Leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp dextranicum IFPL 709 et Leuconostoc paramesenteroides IFPL 705 a donné les meilleurs fromages, après 60 j d'affinage. À l'issue de la période d'affinage, la flore de ces fromages était composée en majorité de lactocoques. Les lactobacilles étaient aussi très abondants. La fraction azotée était plus importante dans les fromages expérimentaux que dans les fromages témoin. Les fromages obtenus avec ce levain avaient une ouverture petite et régulière, un goût et une texture optimales et, en général, étaient de qualité supérieure. We thank from the Comisión Interministerial de Ciencia y Tecnologia (Project ALI 91-0387) for financial support for this study.
[SDV.AEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Starter cultures, Goat's milk cheese, Lactic acid bacteria, Cheese ripening, [SDV.IDA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineering, Levain lactique, Affinage du fromage, Fromage de chèvre
[SDV.AEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Starter cultures, Goat's milk cheese, Lactic acid bacteria, Cheese ripening, [SDV.IDA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineering, Levain lactique, Affinage du fromage, Fromage de chèvre
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