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Bipolar molecular outflow of the very low-mass star Par-Lup3-4

Evidence for scaled-down low-mass star formation
Authors: A. Santamaría-Miranda; I. de Gregorio-Monsalvo; N. Huélamo; A. L. Plunkett; Á. Ribas; F. Comerón; M. R. Schreiber; +3 Authors

Bipolar molecular outflow of the very low-mass star Par-Lup3-4

Abstract

Context. Very low-mass stars are known to have jets and outflows, which is indicative of a scaled-down version of low-mass star formation. However, only very few outflows in very low-mass sources are well characterized. Aims. We characterize the bipolar molecular outflow of the very low-mass star Par-Lup3-4, a 0.12 M⊙ object known to power an optical jet. Methods. We observed Par-Lup3-4 with ALMA in Bands 6 and 7, detecting both the continuum and CO molecular gas. In particular, we studied three main emission lines: CO(2–1), CO(3–2), and 13CO(3–2). Results. Our observations reveal for the first time the base of a bipolar molecular outflow in a very low-mass star, as well as a stream of material moving perpendicular to the primary outflow of this source. The primary outflow morphology is consistent with the previously determined jet orientation and disk inclination. The outflow mass is 9.5 × 10−7 M⊙, with an outflow rate of 4.3 × 10−9 M⊙ yr−1. A new fitting to the spectral energy distribution suggests that Par-Lup3-4 may be a binary system. Conclusions. We have characterized Par-Lup3-4 in detail, and its properties are consistent with those reported in other very low-mass sources. This source provides further evidence that very low-mass sources form as a scaled-down version of low-mass stars.

Countries
Spain, Italy
Keywords

stars: formation, jets and outflows [ISM], ISM: individual objects: Par-Lup3-4, Stars: formation, Submillimeter: stars, individual objects [ISM], stars [Submillimeter], Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, submillimeter: stars, ISM: jets and outflows, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, techniques: interferometric, ISM: individual objects, Techniques: interferometric, stars: formation; ISM: individual objects: Par-Lup3-4; ISM: jets and outflows; submillimeter: stars; techniques: interferometric, Par-Lup3-4, interferometric [Techniques], formation [Stars]

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selected citations
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This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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