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Abstract. The emerging field of High Energy Atmospheric Physics studies events producing high energy particles and associated with thunderstorms, such as terrestrial gamma-ray flashes and gamma-ray glows. Understanding these phenomena requires appropriate models of the interaction of electrons, positrons and photons with air and electric fields. This work is made as a continuation of Rutjes et al. (2016), now including the effects of electric fields. We investigated results of three codes used in the community (Geant4, GRRR and REAM), for simulating the process of Relativistic Runaway Electron Avalanches. From analytical considerations, we show that the avalanche is mainly driven by electric fields and the ionisation and scattering processes determining the minimum energy of electrons that can runaway. To investigate this point further, we used a first simulation set-up to estimate the probability to produce a RREA from a relevant range of electron energies and electric field magnitudes. We found that the stepping methodology is important, and the stepping parameters have to be set up very carefully for Geant4. For example, a too large step size can lead to an avalanche probability reduced by a factor of 10, or a 40 % over-estimation of the average electron energy. Furthermore, the probability for the particles below 10 keV to accelerate and participate in the penetrating radiation is actually negligible for the full range of electric field we tested (E
Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Ionization, Nuclear physics, Electron, Quantum mechanics, Atomic physics, Field (mathematics), Electric field, High-Energy Astrophysics and Particle Acceleration Studies, FOS: Mathematics, Computational physics, Ion, QE1-996.5, Physics, Statistics, Electron avalanche, Pure mathematics, Geology, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Photon, Monte Carlo method, Electron Acceleration, Space Weather and Magnetospheric Physics, Physics and Astronomy, High-Energy Astrophysics, Terrestrial Gamma-Ray Flashes, Global Lightning Distribution and Physics, Physical Sciences, Mathematics
Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Ionization, Nuclear physics, Electron, Quantum mechanics, Atomic physics, Field (mathematics), Electric field, High-Energy Astrophysics and Particle Acceleration Studies, FOS: Mathematics, Computational physics, Ion, QE1-996.5, Physics, Statistics, Electron avalanche, Pure mathematics, Geology, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Photon, Monte Carlo method, Electron Acceleration, Space Weather and Magnetospheric Physics, Physics and Astronomy, High-Energy Astrophysics, Terrestrial Gamma-Ray Flashes, Global Lightning Distribution and Physics, Physical Sciences, Mathematics
| selected citations These citations are derived from selected sources. This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically). | 20 | |
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| influence This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically). | Top 10% | |
| impulse This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network. | Top 10% |
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