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Composición de la dieta de las principales especies ganaderas en pastoreo monoespecífico en pajonales altoandinos

Authors: Arana, W.; Siguas, Omar; Espinoza, M.; Contreras, J.; Quispe, E.; Cassinello, Jorge; Serrano, Elena; +1 Authors

Composición de la dieta de las principales especies ganaderas en pastoreo monoespecífico en pajonales altoandinos

Abstract

[ES]: Con el objetivo de comparar la dieta de distintas especies ganaderas de la puna andina peruanase cercaron 8 parcelas de 50 m x50 m, en una zona de pajonal, a 4500 m.s.n.m. Estas parcelas fueron pastoreadas en régimen monoespecífico durante una semana por las principales especies ganaderas de la puna: alpacas, llamas, ovejas y vacas (2 parcelas para cada especie). La carga ganadera equivalió a 18 alpacas por parcela. La experiencia se realizó en la estación seca y se repitió en la lluviosa. Mediante análisis microhistológico de las heces se determinó la composición botánica de la dieta, que se analizó mediante un análisis multivariante de la varianza. De forma general, las gramíneas altas fueron más abundantes en la dieta del ganado mayor (vaca y llama) y las leguminosas y otras herbáceas en la dieta del ganado menor (alpaca y oveja), especialmente en la estación lluviosa. Las variaciones estacionales en el consumo de otras herbáceas y graminoides de porte bajo dependió del tipo de ganado (interacción). El consumo de otras herbáceas aumentó en la estación lluviosa, especialmente por llamas y vacas. Al contrario, las graminoides de porte bajo fueron más consumidas en la estación seca, especialmente por vacas.

[EN]: In order to compare the diet composition of different livestock species present in the Andean Peruvian puna, 8 plots of 50 m x 40 m were fenced in a grassland area at 4500 m.a.s.l. These plots were grazed monospecifically for a week by the main livestock species in the puna: alpacas, llamas, sheep andcows (2 plots for each species). Livestock stocking rate was identical in all plots, equivalent to 18 alpacas. The experiments were carried out during the dry season and repeated in the wet season. The botanical composition of diet was determined by microhistological analysis of the faeces, and tested by a multivariate analysis of variance MANOVA. Globally, high grasses were more abundant in the diets of large-sized livestock (cow and llama), whereas forbs and other herbs in those of small-sized livestock (alpaca and sheep), particularly in the wet season. Grazing seasonal variation of other low-sized herbs and grasses depended on livestock species (there was an interaction). The percentage of other herbs grazed increased during the wet season, particularly at the plots grazed by llamas and cows. On the contrary, low-sized grasses were more intensely consumed during the dry season, mainly by cows.

Este trabajo ha sido realizado gracias a la financiación obtenida en la Quinta Convocatoria de Ayudas a la Investigación en Ecología y Biología de la Conservación de la Fundación BBVA (BIOCON08-059). E. Serrano disfruta de un contrato del programa Beatriu de Pinós programme (BP-DGR 2011) del sistema Catalán de Ciencia y Tecnología.

Trabajo presentado a la 52 Reunión Científica de la SEEP, celebrada en Badajoz del 8 al 12 de abril de 2013.

Peer Reviewed

Keywords

Diet overlap, Competencia, Solapamiento de dieta, Competition, Camelids, Puna, Camélidos, Microhistological analysis, Análisis microhistológico

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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