Briggs, Barbara G. and Johnson, L.A.S. (Royal Botanic Gardens, Mrs Macquaries Road, Sydney, NSW 2000, Australia) 1998. New genera and species of Australian Restionaceae (Poales). Telopea 7(4): 345–373. Sixteen new genera and five new species of Australian Restionaceae are described and combinations made for a further eleven species. Newly described genera are Catacolea, Kulinia, Guringalia, Acion, Saropsis, Chordifex, Eurychorda, Platychorda, Tremulina, Melanostachya, Taraxis, Tyrbastes, Cytogonidium, Stenotalis, Dapsilanthus, Apodasmia. Newly described type species are: Catacolea enodis, Kulinia eludens, Chordifex stenandrus, Taraxis grossa, Tyrbastes glaucescens. New combinations are made for the type species of the remaining genera: Guringalia dimorpha, Acion monocephalum, Saropsis fastigiata, Eurychorda complanata, Platychorda applanata, Tremulina tremula, Melanostachya ustulata, Cytogonidium leptocarpoides, Stenotalis ramosissima, Dapsilanthus elatior, Apodasmia brownii. Lectotypes are selected for several species. Brief comment is included on culm anatomy, flavonoids, seed ornamentation and DNA findings, in addition to exomorphological features. Keys are provided to distinguish the new genera from other members of the Desmocladus, Loxocarya and Leptocarpus groups. All the new genera occur in Australia but Apodasmia also includes species in New Zealand and Chile while Dapsilanthus is represented also in New Guinea, Aru Islands and Southeast Asia.