The objective of this work is to contribute with the discussion about the emerging pedagogical theories in Brazil and their contributions to the educational practice. Theories of education are considered basic foundations in the construction of educational practices, so they constitute the object of constant study. It was observed that no pedagogical practice happens on the margins of a theoretical / practical system guiding forms and content. In addition, there would be more room for solving the many problems set in the school context if teachers knew where the principles and ways of teaching in their teaching were founded. Thus, it is in this context that theories of education need to be taken as a specific field of knowledge of teacher training. It is also emphasized that the educator must choose politically so that his practice is not distorted, and it imposes itself as an effective element in the formation of citizens. This study used the bibliographic research as a prerequisite to investigate with depth, rigor and globally the proposed theme. Saviani's work was extensively promoted, in order to substantiate the ideas and theoretical positions expressed in the research results. It should be noted that this research integrates a broader research that resulted in a master's thesis, defended in the area of Education. There was in the Brazilian space the emergence, at times, of pedagogical theories, however, without considering the scientific, philosophical, aesthetic knowledge in the formation of each and every one. The perspective of Historical-Critical Pedagogy makes this interest explicit. For this reason, it is considered more appropriate for the Brazilian citizen's education, especially of the less favored classes. It is hoped that their results will reach the innovative practices of teachers at all levels, especially those in the basic school, who may contribute to research in this direction, oriented to the knowledge and meaning of studies of educational theories.