47. Echiniscus testudo (Doyère, 1840) sensu lato [T] [m] Echiniscus spec. (Heinis 1914) Echiniscus testudo Doy., 1840 var. trifilis Rahm, 1925 (Rahm 1931, 1932) Echiniscus testudo Doy. (Iharos 1969) E. (E.) testudo (Doy, 1840) (Rossi & Claps 1989) E. testudo (Garitano-Zavala 1996) Terra typica: France (Europe) Argentina: • 43°42′S, 66°29′W; 150 m asl: Chubut Province, Dique Florentino Ameghino, mosses on rocky soil (2 samples). Rossi & Claps (1989) • 49°20′S, 72°53′W; 400 m asl: Santa Cruz Province, El Chaltén, Hosteria Fitz Roy, lichens and mosses on soil. Rossi & Claps (1989) • 50°28′S, 73°01′W; 300 m asl: Santa Cruz Province, Los Glaciares National Park, Perito Moreno glacier, lichens and mosses on soil. Rossi & Claps (1989) Bolivia • 16°11′S, 68°35′W; 3,680–4,000 m asl: La Paz, Cordillera de la Real de los Andes, Huarina, moorland floor, cushion moss. Garitano-Zavala (1995, 1996) Brazil: • 23°32′S, 46°38′W; 750 m asl: São Paulo State, neighbourhood of São Paulo, mosses. Rahm (1931, 1932) Chile: • 18°11′S, 69°13′W; 4,800 m asl [4,550 m asl]: Region XV Arica y Parinacota, Laguna La Cotacotani, leaf litter. Iharos (1969) • 36°36′S, 72°06′W; 150 m asl: Region VIII Biobío (Región del Biobío), neighbourhood of Chillán, mosses. Rahm (1931, 1932) • 36°48′S, 73°01′W; 0 m asl: Region VIII Biobío (Región del Biobío), neighbourhood of Concepción, mosses. Rahm (1931, 1932) • 38°44′S, 72°35′W; 100 m asl: Region IX Araucania (Región de la Araucanía), neighbourhood of Temuco, mosses. Rahm (1931, 1932) • 42°37′S, 73°49′W; 100 m asl: Region X Los Lagos (Región de Los Lagos), Chiloé Island, mosses. Rahm (1931, 1932) • 55°03′S, 68°09′W; 0 m asl: Region XII Magallanes (Región de Magallanes y de la Antártica Chilena), Navarino Island, Puerto Wualaia [Puerto Wulaia], mosses. Rahm (1931, 1932) Colombia: • 07°09′N, 75°23′W; 1,400 m asl: Antioquia Department, Cafetal La Camelia, mosses (Leucobryum sp.) and Brachythecium stereopama (Spruge) (2 samples). Heinis (1914), Marcus (1936) • 06°16′N, 75°31′W; 2,550 m asl: Antioquia Department, laguna above Medellín, hepatic (Plagiochila ovifolia Steph.) on dry leaves. Heinis (1914), Marcus (1936) • 04°24′N, 76°12′W; 1,600 m asl: Valle del Cauca Department, El Canon near El Aguacate, hepatics (Frullania longicolla L. & G. and Taxilejeunea prominata (Gottsche)). Heinis (1914), Marcus (1936) • 02°44′N, 76°50′W; 2,000 m asl: Cauca Department, above Tambo, moss (Thuidium sp.) and hepatic (Frullania coalita Steph.). Heinis (1914), Marcus (1936) Record numbers: Argentina: 3, Bolivia: 1, Brazil: 1, Chile: 6, Colombia: 4; total: 15. Remarks: Specimens from Columbia were cited by Heinis (1914) as Echiniscus spec. and later attributed by Marcus (1936) to E. testudo. A very wide geographic range (McInnes 1994a, Jørgensen et al. 2007), suggests a species complex and, therefore, all South American records should be verified.

Published as part of Kaczmarek, Łukasz, Michalczyk, Łukasz & Mcinnes, Sandra J., 2015, Annotated zoogeography of non-marine Tardigrada. Part II: South America, pp. 1-107 in Zootaxa 3923 (1) on pages 21-22, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3923.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/241936