On the Tanegashima Island, to the southwest of Japan, marine terraces are widely deve-loped and formations of coastal dunes also are extensively noticed on all the periphery of the island. Aeolian sands of this island are classified into several groups from the view point of stratigraphic feature in the deposits. Furthermore, they are roughly divided into two large groups-the new and the old aeo-lian sands-, the former the Recent and the latter the Pleistocene respectively. Some of the Recent sands form sand dunes, especially on the western coast. In this paper, the author intends to make clear geomorphic properties of the dunes, dune-building stages and the environments in which the aeolian sands were accumulated. The results are summarized as follows; 1) Aeolian sand beds are divided into seven layers ; H4 : active, 3: fixed by vegetation, H2 covered with buried black humus, H1 : beneath pumice I, D3 o beneath loam I, D2 : beneath loam II, D1 : beneath pumice III, the former four layers were formed in the Recent age and the latter three strata were formed in the Pleistocene age. The stratigraphic and areal distributions of aeolian sands are shown in Figs. 5, 7 and 9. 2) Through careful examination of tephra, paleo-soil and buried humus, stages of accumula-tions of aeolian sands are found to be as follows. The position of the D3 sand is higher than that of the Lower terrace II, in other words the formation of the D3 sands was made after that of the Lower terrace II. As the D2 sand position is higher than that of the Lower terrace I, it seems probable that the formation of the D2 sands was made after that of the Lower terrace I. The position of D1 sands is higher than that of the Middle terrace. It seems that the formation of the D1 sands was made after that the Middle terrace. The formation of H1 sands was performed by the early Jomon Age, that of H2 sands was performed by the later Yayoi Age. 3) Distribution of aeolian sands are dominant on the West coast, and among them the accum-lation of H4 and H3 sands particularly depend upon the present prevailing wind from NW-W. It is possible to estimate the former prevailing wind directions by means of analyzing the distri-bution of aeolian sands. 4) The dunes are classified into the following four types on the basis of morphological fea-tures ; a : Transverse dune, b : Longitudinal dune, c : Dome shape dune, d : U shape dune, This classification apparently indicates the importance of wind regimen and the type “a” is observed in the eastern and southern coast and the “b” “c” and “ d” types on the west coast. 5) Both of the Recent and Pleistocene aeolian sands show the value of mean diameter ran-ges from 1.5 to 2.3. The value of beach sands shows Niger than 1.5 Md φ. It may be said to be able to clarifyy distinction aeolian sands from beach sands by means of analysis of grain morphology.