Data on quantitative characters from polycross progeny tests of Agropyron intermedium (Host.) Beauv. were analysed and used to study interrelationships of various characters and to compare relative efficiency of breeding schemes. The forage and seed yields of progenies from green plants were greater at three test locations than progenies from bluish-green plants. There were significant differences between polycross lines for forage yield, seed yield, creep development, and height. The interaction between the performance of lines on irrigated land and on two dryland locations was generally no greater than the interaction between their performance on the two dryland locations. The genotypic correlations between the various characters were generally in reasonable agreement at all locations. The relationships for rhizomatous root growth and dry matter yield and height were of special interest in that the genotypic correlations were clearly negative but the environmental correlations were positive. This was interpreted to indicate that the genotype which determined increased plant spread depressed yield and height, whereas the environmental effects which favored greater yield and height also promoted more rhizomatous root growth. An examination of breeding plans indicated that the efficiency of the testing program should be near maximum if two replicates and three locations are used.