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Semantics and Pragmatics
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Global positive polarity items and obligatory exhaustivity

عناصر القطبية الإيجابية العالمية والشمولية الإلزامية
Authors: Spector, Benjamin;

Global positive polarity items and obligatory exhaustivity

Abstract

Defiendo una distinción entre dos tipos de elementos de polaridad positiva (PPI) que no se ha reconocido hasta ahora. Mientras que para algunos IBP, el anti-licenciamiento es un fenómeno estrictamente local, para otros IBP el anti-licenciamiento debe declararse como una condición global. Mi objetivo es contribuir a una explicación basada en principios para la distribución de un subconjunto significativo de PPI globales, relacionándolo con propiedades semánticas específicas de los elementos relevantes. Más específicamente, sostengo que los PPI como soit ... soit ..., quelques y casi desencadenan efectos de exhaustividad obligatorios e inferencias escalares, y que las restricciones motivadas independientemente con respecto a la generación de tales inferencias pueden explicar su distribución. El documento también aborda brevemente el caso de otros PPI globales, por ejemplo, al menos, para los cuales una cuenta similar no está directamente disponible. http://dx.doi.org/10.3765/sp.7.11 Información de BibTeX

Je plaide pour une distinction entre deux types d'éléments de polarité positive (IPP) qui n'a pas été reconnue jusqu'à présent. Alors que pour certains IPP, l'anti-licence est un phénomène strictement local, pour d'autres IPP, l'anti-licence doit être déclarée comme une condition mondiale. Je vise à contribuer à une explication fondée sur des principes de la distribution d'un sous-ensemble important d'IPP mondiaux, en le reliant à des propriétés sémantiques spécifiques des éléments pertinents. Plus précisément, je soutiens que les IPP tels que soit ... soit ..., quelques et presque déclenchent des effets d'exhaustivité obligatoires et des inférences scalaires, et que des contraintes motivées indépendamment concernant la génération de telles inférences peuvent expliquer leur distribution. Le document aborde également brièvement le cas d'autres IPP mondiaux, par exemple, au moins, pour lesquels un compte similaire n'est pas directement disponible. http://dx.doi.org/10.3765/sp.7.11 BibTeX info

I argue for a distinction between two types of positive polarity items (PPIs) which has not been recognized so far. While for some PPIs, anti-licensing is a strictly local phenomenon, for other PPIs anti-licensing should be stated as a global condition. I aim to contribute to a principled explanation for the distribution of a significant subset of global PPIs, by relating it to specific semantic properties of the relevant items. More specifically, I argue that PPIs such as soit ... soit ..., quelques and almost trigger obligatory exhaustivity effects and scalar inferences, and that independently motivated constraints regarding the generation of such inferences can account for their distribution. The paper also briefly addresses the case of other global PPIs, e.g., at least, for which a similar account is not straightforwardly available. http://dx.doi.org/10.3765/sp.7.11 BibTeX info

أدافع عن التمييز بين نوعين من عناصر القطبية الإيجابية (PPI) التي لم يتم التعرف عليها حتى الآن. في حين أنه بالنسبة لبعض مؤشرات أسعار المنتجين، فإن مكافحة الترخيص هي ظاهرة محلية بحتة، بالنسبة لمؤشرات أسعار المنتجين الأخرى، يجب ذكر مكافحة الترخيص كشرط عالمي. أهدف إلى المساهمة في شرح مبدئي لتوزيع مجموعة فرعية كبيرة من مؤشرات أسعار المنتجين العالمية، من خلال ربطها بخصائص دلالية محددة للعناصر ذات الصلة. وبشكل أكثر تحديدًا، أزعم أن مؤشرات أسعار المنتجين مثل soit ... soit ...، quelques وتؤدي تقريبًا إلى تأثيرات الشمولية الإلزامية والاستدلالات العددية، وأن القيود ذات الدوافع المستقلة فيما يتعلق بتوليد مثل هذه الاستدلالات يمكن أن تفسر توزيعها. تتناول الورقة أيضًا بإيجاز حالة مؤشرات أسعار المنتجين العالمية الأخرى، على سبيل المثال، على الأقل، التي لا يتوفر لها حساب مماثل بشكل مباشر. http://dx.doi.org/10.3765/sp.7.11 معلومات BibTeX

Keywords

Artificial intelligence, disjunction, Semantic property, Biochemistry, Logic Programming and Knowledge Representation, Cognitive psychology, Psychology, Polarity symbols, Nonmonotonic Reasoning, presupposition, Language and Literature, Physics, exhaustivity, P, positive polarity, Semantics, FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion, Programming language, FOS: Psychology, Chemistry, Computational Theory and Mathematics, Physical Sciences, Polarity (international relations), Automata Theory and Formal Languages, scalar implicatures, Geometry, Epistemology, Quantum mechanics, Artificial Intelligence, Fuzzy Logic and Residuated Lattices, FOS: Mathematics, Authorship attribution, Scalar (mathematics), Natural language processing, Phenomenon, Semantics (computer science), Linguistics, Voltage, Breakdown voltage, Computer science, Philosophy, Computer Science, FOS: Languages and literature, P325-325.5, Cell, Mathematics

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selected citations
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This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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