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Bulletin de l Académie vétérinaire de France
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Les trypanosomoses humaines et animales africaines. Une approche « one health » par excellence

Authors: Desquesnes, Marc; Solano, Philippe; Gimonneau, Geoffrey; Jamonneau, Vincent; Bart, Jean-Mathieu; Bucheton, Bruno; Thevenon, Sophie; +1 Authors

Les trypanosomoses humaines et animales africaines. Une approche « one health » par excellence

Abstract

Les trypanosomoses humaines et animales africaines (THA & TAA) sont dues à des parasites du genre Trypanosoma vivant dans le sang, la lymphe ou le système nerveux de leurs hôtes. Ils sont transmis principalement par les glossines (mouches tsé-tsé). Le nagana (TAA) est une maladie animale due à un complexe d’espèces : T. vivax, T. congolense et T. brucei. La maladie du sommeil (HAT) est due à T. b. gambiense (forme chronique, Afrique de l’Ouest et du centre) et T. b. rhodesiense (forme aiguë, Afrique de l’Est et Australe). Les glossines, vecteurs cycliques des trypanosomes, sont un maillon déterminant dans la transmission, la maintenance et le contrôle de ces maladies. Les particularités de leur physiologie, écologie, et du développement cyclique des trypanosomes, conditionnent une épidémiologie complexe. L’existence conjointe de plusieurs espèces de trypanosomes, dans de nombreux hôtes et réservoirs, disposant de plusieurs modes de transmission (cyclique, mécanique, par voie orale, verticale, vénérienne, iatrogénique), conditionne des systèmes épidémiologiques très divers parfois concomitants. Le contrôle conjoint de la TAA et de la THA s’impose par excellence sous une approche «One Health » (OH), mais cette dernière n’est pas toujours possible, en particulier en cas d’impact sanitaire discordant chez l’homme et l’animal.

Country
France
Keywords

maladie des animaux, Glossina, contrôle de maladies, Trypanosoma congolense, http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_2615, Elimination, Complexe d'espèces, L73 - Maladies des animaux, http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_16411, approche Une seule santé, Contrôle, http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7988, trypanosomose, vecteur de maladie, http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_b29a1475, Control, Species-complex, Trypanosoma brucei, Trypanosoma vivax, species-complex ; Glossina ; cyclical vectors ; reservoir ; control ; elimination., surveillance épidémiologique, Reservoir, http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_27401, http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_27400, Vecteurs cycliques, http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_2329, Élimination, http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_2327, [SDV.BA.MVSA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Veterinary medicine and animal Health, http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_27408, http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_426, transmission des maladies, http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_11174, Cyclical vectors, S50 - Santé humaine, maladie de l'homme, Réservoir, épidémiologie, http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_8164, http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_29198, complexe d’espèces ; Glossina ; vecteurs cycliques ; réservoir ; contrôle ; élimination., L72 - Organismes nuisibles des animaux, [SDV.MP.PAR] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Parasitology

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    influence
    This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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    This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
1
Average
Average
Average
Green
gold
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