AbstractSome consider it obvious that vision represents. But argument is needed to show that smell does; it has never been obvious that smell represents. This chapter rebuts three reasons for doubting that smell represents, and offers several arguments that it does, based on the general idea that when we smell an object we noninferentially find out something about that object. The chapter then considers two recent proposals as to exactly what a smell represents, those of Clare Batty and Ben Young. But in each case it argues (while offering a concession or two) that so far as there is a substantive disagreement, Lycan’s older proposal is preferable: that a smell represents a miasma in the air. Finally, the question is raised as to whether smell does not represent, rather, whole environmental objects and types of object; that issue is postponed until Chapter 6.