One important advantage of more efficient routes and aircraft is reduced fuel consumption and reduced emissions. As the impact of aviation on the climate is of increasing concern with the projected doubling of the number of flights worldwide to 60 million per year by 2030, efficiency will increasingly determine not only the speed of movement of passengers or goods around the world, but also the quality of the world itself. Reliable access to air transport services is a key factor contributing to social and economic prosperity throughout the world. Fundamental to this reliability are the related aspects of the safety and effectiveness of air navigation services, which are thus the main strategic priorities for ICAO. This article discusses new methods for improving the fuel efficiency of an aircraft during operation, based on reducing the time of ground operation of aircraft engines, reducing the take-off weight of aircraft, and selecting optimal piloting modes.