Highlight: This paper provides estimates of predation losses of domestic sheep in Alberta in 1974. These estimates were obtained from personal interviews. Unlike the United States, Alberta had a predator control program which emphasized the use of toxicants. Province-wide predation losses averaged 1.6% of the ewes and 2.8% of the lambs. However, predation losses varied widely among five major ecosystems; i.e., between 0.8% of the lambs and ewes in the southern parkland and 3.2% of the ewes in the northern parkland and 6.8% of the lambs in the mixedforest. Predation accountedfor24 and 18% of the total annual mortality of lambs and ewes, respectively. Thirty-nine percent of theflocks had no predation losses and another 31% of the flocks had predation losses of 3% or less. Larger flocks tended to be more susceptible to predation than smaller flocks. Coyotes, dogs, and other large predators were reported to have caused 88, 8, and 4% of predation losses, respectively.