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A multivariate linear regression model with q responses as a linear function of p independent variables is considered with a \(p\times q\) parameter matrix B. The least-squares or normal-theory maximum likelihood estimate of B is deficient in that it takes no account of the `across regression' correlations, and ignores the Stein effect. A remedy was offered by \textit{P. J. Brown} and \textit{J. V. Zidek} [Ann. Stat. 8, 64-74 (1980; Zbl 0425.62053)] in the form of a multivariate ridge estimator. A richer class of estimators is obtained here by casting the model in a linear hierarchical framework, obtaining the Brown and Zidek multivariate ridge estimates, \textit{B. Efron} and \textit{C. Morris}'s [Biometrika 59, 335-347 (1972; Zbl 0238.62072)] estimates of several normal mean vectors and \textit{T. Fearn}'s [ibid. 62, 89-100 (1975; Zbl 0297.62080)] Bayesian estimates of growth curves as special cases. The unknown covariance case results in an identifiability problem, which can be overcome by a Bayesian approach using conjugate priors for the unidentified covariance matrices.
Ridge regression; shrinkage estimators (Lasso), Lindley-Smith model estimate, multivariate linear regression model, Linear regression; mixed models, Estimation in multivariate analysis, Stein estimator, exchangeability, mean of multivariate normal distribution, identifiability, maximum likelihood estimate, Bayesian estimates, conjugate priors, linear hierarchical model, multivariate ridge estimator, EM algorithm
Ridge regression; shrinkage estimators (Lasso), Lindley-Smith model estimate, multivariate linear regression model, Linear regression; mixed models, Estimation in multivariate analysis, Stein estimator, exchangeability, mean of multivariate normal distribution, identifiability, maximum likelihood estimate, Bayesian estimates, conjugate priors, linear hierarchical model, multivariate ridge estimator, EM algorithm
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