
In this paper it is proved that any two given Legendre associated functions P n m ( μ ) P_n^m(\mu ) and P n s ( μ ) P_n^s(\mu ) , where n ⩾ 1 n \geqslant 1 is an integer and where one of the integers m or s may be 0 (and m ≠ ± s m \ne \pm s ), have either no zero in common or exactly one common zero, namely μ = 0 \mu = 0 . An auxiliary result states that the n − m n - m zeros of P n m P_n^m known to lie in the open interval ( − 1 , 1 ) ( - 1,1) lie in fact in the open interval ( − c , c ) ( - c,c) , where ± c \pm c are the two zeros of n ( n + 1 ) − m 2 / ( 1 − μ 2 ) n(n + 1) - {m^2}/(1 - {\mu ^2}) which is one of the coefficients in the Legendre associated equation satisfied by P n m P_n^m . Some monotonicity behavior of P n m P_n^m is simultaneously described. The proof of the main result is based on properties of Prüfer polar coordinates.
Orthogonal polynomials and functions of hypergeometric type (Jacobi, Laguerre, Hermite, Askey scheme, etc.), zeros of associated Legendre functions, Spherical harmonics
Orthogonal polynomials and functions of hypergeometric type (Jacobi, Laguerre, Hermite, Askey scheme, etc.), zeros of associated Legendre functions, Spherical harmonics
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