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Acta de Investigación Psicológica
Article . 2012 . Peer-reviewed
License: CC BY NC ND
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Efecto del Nivel Socioeconómico en el Control Inhibitorio durante la Edad Preescolar

Authors: Asucena Lozano Gutiérrez; Feggy Ostrosky;

Efecto del Nivel Socioeconómico en el Control Inhibitorio durante la Edad Preescolar

Abstract

Recientemente se ha señalado que el nivel socioeconómico (NSE) juega un papel importante en el logro académico y en el funcionamiento de distintos sistemas cognitivos. El lenguaje y las funciones ejecutivas son los procesos donde se encuentran más diferencias significativas en función del NSE, debido a que son funciones que tardan en desarrollarse y por ellos están sujetas a los efectos adversos asociados al NSE. El objetivo de este estudio fue identificar las diferencias en el desempeño en tareas de control inhibitorio entre niños preescolares de NSE alto y bajo. Se evaluó una muestra de 231 niños de 4 a 6 años que cursaban el jardín de Niños. Los resultados muestran que el desempeño en tareas que evalúan la inhibición de respuestas cognitivas y motoras hay un efecto significativo del NSE, los niños de NSE alto obtienen mayores puntajes que los niños de NSE bajo, mientras que en una tarea de demora de gratificación los niños de NSE bajo cometen menos errores. EL NSE es un factor que determina en gran medida el desarrollo de la capacidad de inhibir respuestas dominantes durante la edad preescolar, lo cual es relevante para la autoregulación y facilitación del desarrollo de otras funciones ejecutivas.

Keywords

Control inhibitorio, Funciones ejecutivas, Nivel socioeconómico, Infancia, Desarrollo, Psicología

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
2
Average
Average
Average
Green
gold