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Tecnología en Marcha
Article . 2020 . Peer-reviewed
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Tecnología en Marcha
Article
License: CC BY NC ND
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Determinación de la actividad biocida de extractos vegetales para el combate de la mosca blanca Bemisia tabaci (Hemíptera: Aleyrodidae)

Authors: Lucía Rodríguez-Montero; Alexander Berrocal-Jiménez; Rooel Campos-Rodríguez; Mairon Madriz-Martínez;

Determinación de la actividad biocida de extractos vegetales para el combate de la mosca blanca Bemisia tabaci (Hemíptera: Aleyrodidae)

Abstract

La mosca blanca (Bemisia tabaci Genn.) es una especie plaga de importancia económica, ampliamente distribuida en el mundo y causante de pérdidas cuantiosas en la producción agrícola. Su combate suele basarse en aplicaciones repetitivas de insecticidas químicos, que producen contaminación ambiental y generan resistencia en las poblaciones de los insectos. Este trabajo tuvo como objetivo evaluar la actividad insecticida de nueve extractos vegetales en adultos de B. tabaci, bajo condiciones experimentales in vitro. Se realizaron bioensayos de toxicidad con los extractos etanólicos de cada planta a una concentración de 5000 mg/L, para determinar el de mejor desempeño. Las especies vegetales utilizadas fueron Enterolobium cyclocarpum (hojas y corteza), Lippia graveolens (hojas), Ruta graveolens (hojas), Adonidia merrillii (hojas y frutos), Annona muricata (semillas), Curcuma longa (raíz) y Zingiber officinale (raíz). El más tóxico fue el extracto de R. graveolens, el cual se fraccionó por cromatografía de columna con tres solventes de polaridad creciente: isopropanol: diclorometano (8:2), etanol 96% y agua. Finalmente se realizaron bioensayos con las tres particiones fitoquímicas para determinar su actividad y lograr una aproximación al tipo de compuestos responsables de la actividad tóxica. La fracción menos polar (isopropanol: diclorometano [8:2]) fue la que ocasionó la mayor mortalidad. La investigación buscó generar información para el desarrollo de métodos de combate alternativos contra la plaga en estudio, teniendo como presupuesto que los extractos vegetales son una opción promisoria para el desarrollo de bioinsecticidas más seguros para el medio ambiente y la salud humana.

Keywords

Technology, bemisia tabaci, T, Ruta graveolens, plant extract, ruta graveolens, extracto vegetal, Bemisia tabaci

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    influence
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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
3
Top 10%
Average
Average
gold