Enormous amount of biomass is depositing each day in the environment. The agriculture countries can make use of such resources for various useful purposes. Bioethanol is one of the important commodities which can be produced by using biomass. Bioethanol can be considered as future fuel which has the potential to replace fossil fuels. The selection of raw material, pretreatment process, saccharification and proper selection of yeast and bacteria strains are considered as the key steps in bioethanol production from biomass. Bioethanol is in fact a cheap source of energy and can help in clean environment management. However in few cases consideration are needed to overcome the anomalies of using some specific biomass resources which can affect our food reserves. A brief survey of the various important aspects involved in bioethanol production is done in this review to grasp the basic concept of bioethanol production from biomass.