
The healthy growth of Zea mays demands nitrogenous and phosphorous fertilizers which, due to various problems in the soil, are not efficiently uptake by the roots of the plants. An alternative is the optimization of the NPF through the inoculation of the Z. mays seed with genera and species of endophytic fungi that promote plant growth of the type: Aspergillus niger, Gliocladium virens and Rhizopus oligosporus, which are effective in uptake of NPF reduced up to 50% for healthy plant growth. The objective of this research was to analyze the response Z. mays to A. niger, G. virens and R. oligosporus endophytesof teosinte with NPF reduced at 50%. The endophytic fungi were isolated from teosinte, and were individually inoculated in Z. mays with the NPF at 50%, through response variables: phenology and seedling biomass and flowering, the experimental data was analysed by ANOVA/Tukey (P<0.05). The results showed a positive response of Z. mays to G. virens registered 2.66g aerial dry weight (ADW), with R. oligosporus 1.70g of ADW and with A. niger 1.36g of ADW, values with a statistical difference with the 0.50g of ADW of Z. mays without the endophytic fungi fed with the NPF at 100% (relative control). The foregoing supports that endophytic fungi from teosinte were able to positively interact with the root system of Z. mays, which allowed healthy growth despite reducing the doses of NPF up to 50%.
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